Pancreatitis is a systemic disease owing to release of inflammatory mediators and digestive enzymes. Acute pancreatitis is sudden inflammation of the pancreas. Alcohol and gallstones are main cause of acute pancreatitis. Chronic pancreatitis is the persistent inflammation and irreversible fibrosis associated with atrophy of pancreatic parenchyma. There are various complications associated with pancreatitis such as strictures, pancreatic necrosis, pseudo-cyst of pancreas, pancreato-cutaneous fistulas, venous thrombosis, arterial aneurysm in various arteries around pancreas etc. Common bile duct (CBD) strictures are a common complication in patients with advanced chronic pancreatitis and have a variable clinical presentation ranging from an incidental finding to overt jaundice and cholangitis. CBD strictures occur as a consequence of recurrent acute inflammatory episodes which may ultimately result in a periductal fibrotic stricture. CBD can be compressed as a result of extrinsic compression by large pseudocyst or aneurysm. The diagnosis is mostly made during investigations for abdominal pain but jaundice may be the initial clinical presentation. The jaundice is typically transient but may be recurrent with a small risk of secondary biliary cirrhosis in longstanding cases. Vascular complications in chronic pancreatitis are rare. Venous thrombosis is the most common complication of pancreatitis affecting venous system. It occurs as consequences of an inflammatory mass in head of pancreas, and splenic vein thrombosis occurs in association with chronic pancreatitis in 4-8% cases. Present case is a case of acute pancreatic collection in head of pancreas with aneurysmal small bleeding causing complete CBD compression and extensive venous thrombosis involving superior mesenteric vein, portal vein, splenic.

Presence of foreign body in thoracic cavity is very uncommon. Most common causes for the presence of such foreign bodies are traumatic, accidental or iatrogenic. The management involves urgent identication and removal of the foreign body. Surgical extraction using thoracotomy or video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery(VATS) remains the primary management strategy. Herein, we report the case of successful removal of retained foreign body from lung after 4 years of penetrating chest trauma by thoracotomy under intraoperative ultrasonographic guidance.

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IntroductionSaphena varix may be defined as an abnormal dilatation of the distal part of the Great Saphenous Vein (GSV) near its junction with femoral vein. 1 Saphena Varix is a venous anomaly affecting the upper part of great saphenous vein that mimics femoral hernia 2 to the wary clinician and unless he is aware of this possibility it can be disastrous if an incision is made thinking it to be femoral hernia. I present a case of Left groin swelling in a 3-year-old child present since birth that was soft, reducible on lying down and had impulse on coughing. He was operated and a large bunch of dilated veins was found at SF junction and great saphenous vein was found opening into the mass of veins inferiorly. There are few published such cases in literature and none in paediatric age group. This is the first published case of Saphena Varix in a child stressing the importance of this differential diagnosis in evaluation of groin swellings.