Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a T-cell-mediated chronic inflammatory oral mucosal disease of unknown etiology. OLP presents as white striations, white papules, white plaques, erythema, erosions, or blisters affecting predominantly the buccal mucosa, tongue and gingiva. Both antigen-specific and non-specific mechanisms are hypothesized to be involved in the pathogenesis of oral lichen planus (OLP). Antigen-specific mechanisms in OLP include antigen presentation by basal keratinocytes and antigen-specific keratinocyte killing by CD8(+) cytotoxic T cells. Non-specific mechanisms include mast cell degranulation and matrix metalloproteinase activation in OLP lesions. These mechanisms may combine to cause T cell accumulation in the superficial lamina propria, basement membrane disruption, intra-epithelial T cell migration and keratinocyte apoptosis in OLP. The various hypotheses proposed for pathogenesis of oral lichen planus are discussed in this review.

Introduction:Lip prints, like fingerprints, are unique to an individual and can be easily recorded. Therefore, we compared direct and indirect lip print patterns in males and females of different age groups, studied the inter- and intraobserver bias in recording the data, and observed any changes in the lip print patterns over a period of time, thereby, assessing the reliability of lip prints as a forensic tool.Materials and Methods:Fifty females and 50 males in the age group of 15 to 35 years were selected for the study. Lips with any deformity or scars were not included. Lip prints were registered by direct and indirect methods and transferred to a preformed registration sheet. Direct method of lip print registration was repeated after a six-month interval. All the recorded data were analyzed statistically.Results:The predominant patterns were vertical and branched. More females showed the branched pattern and males revealed an equal prevalence of vertical and reticular patterns. There was an interobserver agreement, which was 95%, and there was no change in the lip prints over time. Indirect registration of lip prints correlated with direct method prints.Conclusion:Lip prints can be used as a reliable forensic tool, considering the consistency of lip prints over time and the accurate correlation of indirect prints to direct prints.

Oral health is an important part of general health of body. Oral hygiene determines oral health status. Thus, oral hygiene is most important for good health in general. Poor oral hygiene can be source of many diseases. By maintaining the good oral hygiene, we can prevent occurrence of many disease. A survey was carried out to assess oral hygiene status and to find out caries prevalence rate among school going children of age 6 to 12 years. 957 healthy subjects including 567 boys and 390 girls from four different schools were examined in broad day light with the help of mouth mirror and explorer.

A hybrid lesion is defined as being alesion showing the combined histopathological characteristics of two or more previously recognized odontogenic tumors and/or cysts of different categories.Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor (AOT) is relatively rare, and was previously described as a histological variant of ameloblastoma, but is now recognized as a separate entity by the World Health Organization, representing 3-7% of all odontogenic tumors. AOT is a slow-growing lesion that is thought to arise from odontogenic epithelium because of its predilection for tooth-bearing bone, with varying degrees of inductive changes in connective tissue. It is sometimes referred to as thetwo-three tumorbecause about two thirds occur in the maxilla, two thirds occur in young women, two thirds are associated with an unerupted tooth, and two thirds of these teeth are canines. Cases of maxillary involvement are more common, usually in the anterior region of the jaw. The present case describes the concomitant occurrence of AOT, dentigerous cyst and CEOT in the anterior portion of the mandible of a 13-year-old male patient. PAS staining was performed for confirmation of amyloid components, followed by Congo Red staining.

We are living in a world of rapid change and technology which is increasingly used in medical practice, has increased our confidence in solving specific problems. Technology that serves the patient better rejuvenates the clinical and diagnostic accuracy.