A microscopic high spin study of neutron deficient and normally deformed 133,135,137Sm has been carried out in projected shell model framework. The theoretical results have been obtained for the spins, parities and energy values of yrast and excited bands. Besides this, the band spectra, band head energies, moment of inertia and electromagnetic transition strengths are also predicted in these isotopes. The calculations successfully give a deeper understanding of the mechanism of the formation of yrast and excited bands from the single and multi-quasi particle configurations. The results on moment of inertia predict an alignment of a pair of protons in the proton (1h 11/2)2 orbitals in the yrast ground state bands of 133-137Sm due to the crossing of one quasiparticle bands by multi-quasiparticle bands at higher spins. The discussion in the present work is based on the deformed single particle scheme. Any future experimental confirmation or refutation of our predictions will be a valuable information which can help to understand the deformed single particle structure in these odd mass neutron deficient 133-137Sm.

Variation after Projection (VAP) calculations in conjunction with Hartree Bogoliubov (HB) ansatz have been carried out for 124−132 Ce mass chain. In this framework, the yrast spectra, B(E2) transition probabilities and occupation numbers for various shell model orbits have been obtained. The observed decrease in deformation in going from 124 Ce to 132 Ce is seen to arise due to a slow decrease in the occupation of 1g 7/2 proton orbit and a systematic increase in the occupations of 2d 5/2 , 1g 7/2 and 1h 11/2 neutron orbits. Besides this, the experimental low-lying yrast spectra and B(E2) transition probabilities are reproduced with reasonable accuracy by using PQOH interaction. I IntroductionAn inspection of the recent experimental data [1-10], for example the energy level spacings and the lifetimes of excited states in the light neutron-deficient Cerium (Ce) nuclei reveals a region of pronounced collective behavior. The experimental data [1][2][3][4][5] ) as an effect of h 11/2 neutron alignment process. It has been found that theoretical attempts have been made by many authors to study specific nuclei and there is a lack of microscopic calculation to study the low-lying systematics of the entire neutron-deficient part of Ce isotopic mass chain in a single framework. It is with this motivation to study the low-lying systematics of the neutron-deficient isotopes that we plan to study these nuclei in a suitable calculational framework.In the present paper an attempt has been made to carry out a microscopic study of the yrast states and B(E2) transition probabilities in the neutron-deficient 124−132 Ce, by employing the VAP [13] formalism in conjunction with the HB [14] ansatz for the axially symmetric wave functions. For the calculation of yrast levels, the pairing plus-quadrupolequadrupole-plus-octupole-octupole plus-hexadecapolehexadecapole (PQOH) model of effective interaction in a valence space spanned by 3s 1/2 , 2d 3/2 , 2d 5/2 , 2f 7/2 , 1g 7/2 , 1h 9/2 , 1h 11/2 and 1i 13/2 orbits for protons as well as neutrons is employed. The 100 Sn is considered as an inert core. II Calculational details II.1 The one and two body parts of the HamiltonianThe spherical single-particle energies (S.P.E.'s) that we have employed are (in MeV): (2d 5/2 ) = 0.0, (3s 1/2 ) = 1.4, (2d 3/2 ) = 2.0, (1g 7/2 ) = 4.0, (1h 11/2 ) = 6.5, (2f 7/2 ) = 13.0, (1h 9/2 ) = 14.0 and (1i 13/2 ) = 15.5. The S.P.E.'s of 2d 5/2 , 3s 1/2 , 2d 3/2 , 1g 7/2 and 1h 11/2 are nearly the same as that employed by Vergados and Kuo [15] as well as

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126-132 Ce isotopes, which exhibit enhanced collective behavior and occurrence of first backbend around 10+, are studied in the Variation after Projection (VAP) and Cranked Hartree–Bogoliubov (CHB) frameworks. The pairing plus-quadrupole-quadrupole (PQQ) interaction is employed as an effective interaction. The yrast spectra, B(E2) transition probabilities and variation of moment of inertia versus cranking frequency are studied. Our results show that the backbending arises as a result of the sudden alignment of a pair of protons in the h11/2 subshell.

The research paper dwells mainly about importance of Radio as a medium of mass communication, particularly used by different countries to safeguard their strategic and cultural interests in times of peace and war. The paper refers to instances when radio waves were used in fighting war of words by different countries across the globe. It makes a special mention of propaganda and counterpropaganda unleashed by India and Pakistan by using radio against each other since 1947.