The scale of deployment of biometric identity-verification systems has recently seen an enormous increase owing to the need for more secure and reliable way of identifying people. Footprint identification which can be defined as the measurement of footprint features for recognizing the identity of a user has surfaced recently. This study is based on a biometric personal identification method using static footprint features viz. friction ridge / texture and foot shape / silhouette. To begin with, naked footprints of users are captured; images then undergo pre processing followed by the extraction of two features; shape using Gradient Vector Flow (GVF) snake model and minutiae extraction respectively. Matching is then effected based on these two features followed by a fusion of these two results for either a reject or accept decision. Our shape matching feature is based on cosine similarity while the texture one is based on miniature score matching. The results from our research establish that the naked footprint is a credible biometric feature as two barefoot impressions of an individual match perfectly while that of two different persons shows a great deal of dissimilarity.

This paper puts forward a new method for measuring the three-dimensional deformation of warp-knitted spacer fabrics under tensile stress. The three-dimensional deformation mechanisms of warp-knitted spacer fabrics have been analyzed using stress–strain curves. Poisson’s ratio of the three-dimensional deformation has also been analyzed. The stress–strain curves obtained for tests in the warp-ward direction and weft-ward direction show a characteristic initial large deformation, followed by minimal-to-no deformation. The stress–strain curves obtained for tests in the thickness direction exhibit different characteristics due to the differences in stretch directions. In the weft-ward direction, the curve shows an approximate linear change with minimal strain. In the warp-wise direction, the curve shows a large stress with small strain, and subsequently, a small stress yielded a large strain. During the stretching process, the surface deformation perpendicular to the direction of tensile force is greater than the tensile deformation, and the deformation in the thickness direction is also minimal compared to that in the direction of the tensile deformation.

A new method of speech enhancement is proposed based on morphological filter and wavelet transform. The system begins by first conducting morphological filtering, then distinguishing the unvoiced, voiced and noise using TEO in the wavelet domain. It then executes wavelet transform using different threshold on multiscale, and at the same time to improve the threshold function. Experimental results showed that the method not only suppressed noise effectively but also reduced the loss of the unvoiced. It also not only enhanced SNR, but also improved voice clarity and comfort. The merits it espouses makes it an effective speech enhancement algorithm.

A new DWT (Discrete Wavelet Transform) algorithm is proposed based on data storage. Since the image data stored in the memory position with the image itself are unrelated. The focus of the research is on the image data in memory, relegating the traditional algorithm which is based on the entire image. The image data is divided into the appropriate data blocks, and DWT is carried out for each block independently. At the same time, taking into account the watermark invisibility and robustness and in order to improve the watermark safety and concealment, watermark is encrypted before embedding. Synthetic application of data segmentation, watermark scrambling and multi-resolution analysis in the algorithm is effected. Not only is watermarking invisible, but also has a better robustness for image processing such as noise, filtering, shearing, and so on.