Purpose of Review The goal of this paper is to review the recent literature of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) and provide an update on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical findings, and management. Recent Findings Although indocyanine-green angiography (ICGA) is still the gold standard for diagnosis of PCV, the use of en face optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography are useful tools in the diagnosis of PCV. Studies demonstrate superior treatment outcomes with combination photodynamic therapy (PDT) and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy. Summary PCV is a disease most commonly in Asians and African-Americans and presents with an orange-red nodule in the macula or the peripapillary region. While ICGA remains the most accurate method to diagnose PCV, newer non-invasive imaging modalities (eg. OCT-A and en face OCT) can be used to identify PCV lesions. The combination of PDT and anti-VEGF therapy is superior to either monotherapy. Future studies of OCT modalities and other anti-VEGF agents will be important in guiding PCV diagnosis and management, respectively.

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• Choroidal masses can be of varied etiology. • Multimodal imaging techniques including standardized A-scan and B-scan ultrasonography, fluorescein angiography, indocyanine green angiography, and optical coherence tomography are essential. • In appropriate cases, systemic investigations may also be required. Novel Insights • Choroidal masses (non-neoplastic) can resolve spontaneously. • Despite the use of multimodal imaging techniques, the etiology of choroidal masses may remain elusive. • Extensive systemic investigations may have to be repeated to identify their underlying etiology.