Objectives: The objective of the study was to compare and evaluate efficacy of two surgical techniques for the management of primary pterygium in terms of complications and post-operative signs and symptoms. Methods: The study included 60 patients with primary pterygium. The mean age was 42±10 years (range 22–62 years). Simple excision under local anesthesia was performed followed by closure of the bare sclera by suture less and glue free conjunctival autograft in 30 patients (Group I), versus the conventional method of a sutured conjunctival autograft in 30 patients (Group II). Results: At Visit 1, 6 patients (20%) of Group I had Graft edema in comparison to 5 patients (16.67%) in Group II. Subcutaneous hemorrhage was noted in 6 (20%) patients in both the groups. Graft retraction was noticed in 4 patients (13.33%) in Group I and in 2 patients (6.66%) in Group II. Graft dislodgement was observed in 1 patient (3.33%) in Group I. One (3.33%) case of recurrence was reported at 6 months in Group I whereas 2 (6.67%) cases were reported in Group II. One case of Granuloma was reported in Group II. There were significantly lower post-operative signs and symptoms in Group I as compared to Group II in the 1st post-operative week and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (p<0.05) at visit 1 and visit 2. The satisfaction survey revealed higher overall satisfaction score for Group I as compared to Group II. Conclusion: Sutureless technique may be considered as a viable alternative to sutured technique in terms of surgical outcomes. It scores better in terms of post-operative symptoms when compared to sutures.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to study the changes in anterior chamber parameters before and after laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI) in primary angle closure suspects (PACS) using pentacam. Methods: This was a prospective, non-randomized, and interventional study which was conducted on 40 patients of PACS attending the Outpatient Department of Ophthalmology, Government Medical College, Patiala. Evaluation of the anterior segment of the eye was done by Pentacam (Oculus) using rotating Scheimpflug imaging technology, before and after LPI. Results: Following LPI, anterior chamber volume (ACV) increased from 90.13±9.82 mm3 to 105.8±11.5 mm3; anterior chamber angle (ACA) increased from 27.01±3.23 degree to 28.13±2.29 degree. Peripheral anterior chamber depth (PACD) at 4 mm increased significantly in superior, inferior, nasal, and temporal quadrant in all cases. Conclusion: LPI serves both prophylactic and therapeutic benefit in PACS by increasing the ACV, ACA, and PACD, and thus preventing glaucoma. Pentacam is a useful tool to assess the efficacy of LPI and can guide further course of treatment.

Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of refractive errors and their types by their age, sex, and class among the students of secondary school in an urban area of state of Punjab, North India. Methods: A cross-sectional study was done on a total of 1545 school children, aged between 10 and 16 years studying in 6th–10th class. Sample size included 822 males and 723 females. Snellen’s distant test types and self-illuminated streak retinoscope were used for this study. Results: Cumulative prevalence of refractive errors was found to be 35.21% among the students. The distribution among the type of refractive errors was: Myopia – 65.07%, Hypermetropia – 14.89%, and Astigmatism – 20.04%. The prevalence among the male and female students was 34.91% and 35.55%, respectively. Conclusion: This study supports the screening of school children for visual acuity and their refractive errors so that they can be identified to improve their quality of life at present and also to prevent any long-term visual disability.

Objective: This article puts forward various ocular findings and its prevalence in hospitalized patients with confirmed Dengue serology. The aim is to spread awareness about these findings and call for complete eye examination in patients of dengue fever so that the ocular findings are not missed. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, conducted on confirmed cases of 112 dengue patients in Dengue isolation ward in a tertiary care hospital, Government Medical College, Patiala, India, during and after the monsoon season. Results: Various fundus findings in dengue fever seen in our study are Dot blot hemorrhages, cotton wool spots, macular hemorrhages, macular edema, Roth spots, vascular sheathing, hard exudates, and sub-conjunctival hemorrhage. Cumulative prevalence of these findings was 9.82% in hospitalized patients of dengue fever. Blurring of vision was also a common symptom. Conclusion: Ocular findings do occur in dengue fever, along with other systemic manifestations such as fever, headache, myalgia, arthralgia, retro-orbital pain, hemorrhagic fever, and shock syndrome. Ocular examination should be undertaken in all patients with dengue fever so that these findings are not missed. Further studies are needed to ascertain its pathophysiology.