Summary
At the onset of the global pandemic of COVID‐19 (SARS‐CoV‐2), guidelines recommended using regional anaesthesia for caesarean section in preference to general anaesthesia. National figures from the UK suggest that 8.75% of over 170,000 caesarean sections are performed under general anaesthetic. We explored whether general anaesthesia rates for caesarean section changed during the peak of the pandemic across six maternity units in the north‐west of England. We analysed anaesthetic information for 2480 caesarean sections across six maternity units from 1 April to 1 July 2020 (during the pandemic) and compared this information with data from 2555 caesarean sections performed at the same hospitals over a similar period in 2019. Primary outcome was change in general anaesthesia rate for caesarean section. Secondary outcomes included overall caesarean section rates, obstetric indications for caesarean section and regional to general anaesthesia conversion rates. A significant reduction (7.7 to 3.7%, p < 0.0001) in general anaesthetic rates, risk ratio (95%CI) 0.50 (0.39–0.93), was noted across hospitals during the pandemic. Regional to general anaesthesia conversion rates reduced (1.7 to 0.8%, p = 0.012), risk ratio (95%CI) 0.50 (0.29–0.86). Obstetric indications for caesarean sections did not change (p = 0.17) while the overall caesarean section rate increased (28.3 to 29.7%), risk ratio (95%CI) 1.02 (1.00–1.04), p = 0.052. Our analysis shows that general anaesthesia rates for caesarean section declined during the peak of the pandemic. Anaesthetic decision‐making, recommendations from anaesthetic guidelines and presence of an on‐site anaesthetic consultant in the delivery suite seem to be the key factors that influenced this decline.
The association of gonadal dysgenesis and Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome is very rare. We report a 21-year-old phenotypical female who presented with primary amenorrhea and underdeveloped secondary sexual characteristics. Hormonal evaluation revealed hypergonadotropic hypogonadism. Her karyotype was 46XX. Laparoscopy of pelvis revealed absent uterus, normal fallopian tubes and bilateral streak ovaries, which were biopsied and histopathology was consistent with the findings of gonadal dysgenesis. We searched PubMed for similar reports in the literature and details of all the cases were analyzed and reported here.
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