Our data suggest that TNF-alpha induces a defect in beta-adrenergic signal transduction and catecholamine-stimulated contractility in neonatal rat cardiac myocytes. In addition, TNF-alpha augments the inotropic response of myocardial tissue to phosphodiesterase inhibitors through a mechanism independent of cyclic AMP generation. Phosphodiesterase inhibitors such as amrinone may be found to exert significant inotropic effects in catecholamine-refractory septic shock with myocardial depression and other conditions of inflammatory myocardial dysfunction.
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