Introduction: Hypertension is an important public health problem both in developed and developing countries. Hypertension is known to be associated with alterations in lipid metabolism which gives rise to abnormalities in serum lipid and lipoprotein levels but the cause and effect relationship is not known. The study was initiated with objective to assess the lipid profile abnormalities among primary hypertensive patients attending tertiary care center. Material and Methods: A case control study was done in outpatient department (OPD) of General medicine, GITAM Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Visakhapatnam during May to October 2019. A total of 200 study participants were included based on inclusion & exclusion criteria, 100 were primary hypertensive cases and 100 were age and gender matched controls. After obtaining approval from Institutional Ethics Committee and informed consent taken from all study participants data was collected. Data entered in MS excel sheet and analyzed by using SPSS software. Results: Out of 200 study participants 88(44%) were female and 112(56%) were male. Majority of the study participants were in the age group 50 to 70 years. The mean values of the total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and triglycerides were significantly higher in hypertensive patients compared to control group. The mean high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol was lower among cases than controls. These differences were found to be statistically significant. Conclusion: Dyslipidemia and hypertension in combination increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases, stroke etc. Hence early detection of dyslipidemia in hypertensive patients and aggressive treatment of both the conditions should be carried out to prevent complications.

Introduction: Despite the advancement in medicine, management of heart failure (HF), which usually presents as a disease syndrome, has been a challenge to healthcare providers. The study was commenced with objective to study the profile of patients presented with heart failure with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in a tertiary care hospital. Material and Methods: It was a cross sectional hospital based study. Both male and female patients presented with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) treated in department of General Medicine, GITAM Institute of Medical Sciences & Research were included based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 100 consecutive patients were studied during February to October 2019. After obtaining approval from Institutional Ethics Committee and informed consent taken from all study participants data was collected. Data entered in MS excel sheet and analyzed by using SPSS software. Results: Among total 100 heart failure patients males were 69, females were 31. The mean age of study population was 56.61±13.01 years. All patients presented with shortness of breath of varying degree of New York Heart Association (NYHA) class. The common risk factors observed were hypertension (53%), diabetes (36%), alcohol (14%), smoking (40%). The common causes for heart failure found were Ischemic heart disease (64%), followed by non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (21%) and rheumatic heart disease (15%). Majority of the study participants were receiving treatment with diuretics (66%), statins (65%), followed by beta blockers (25%), aldosterone antagonist (25%), ACE inhibitors (30%). Conclusions: Early detection and optimal treatment of common risk factors might play role in preventing Heart failure and thereby reducing disease burden in the country.