Fresh and chopped aerial parts of Oryza sativa were extracted in 80% aqueous mehthanol, and the concentrated extract was successively partitioned using n-hexane, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), nbutanol, and H 2 O. From the EtOAc fraction, a new flavonolignan (2) and a known flavonolignan, salcolin B (1), were isolated through repeated SiO 2 and octadecyl silica gel column chromatography. Based on NMR, mass spectrometer, and IR spectroscopic data, the chemical structure of compound (2) was determined to be tricin-4'-O-[erythro-β-guaiacyl-(7''-O-methyl)-glyceryl] ether, which has thus far never been reported and was named salcolin C (2). Salcolin B (1) and salcolin C (2) dose-dependently inhibited nitric oxide production in RAW 264.7 cells with IC 50 values of 29.8±0.6 and 10.8±1.0 μM, respectively, without visible toxic effect.

Repeated SiO 2 and octadecyl silica gel (ODS) column chromatographies of the EtOAc fraction from Magnolia obovata fruits, 10 neolignans, named magnolol (1), honokiol (2), isoobovatol (3), isomagnolol (4), obovatol (5), obovatal (6), 9methoxyobovatol (7), magnobovatol (8), obovaaldehyde (9), and 2-hydroxyobovaaldehyde (10) were isolated and identified. All isolated compounds were evaluated for in vitro cytotoxicity against seven human cancer cell lines.

This study was initiated to search for the most effective method for extraction of anthocyanins from Morus alba Fruits using organic acids and to evaluate the stability of the pigments at various storage environments. The anthocyanins were effectively extracted by addition of organic acids such as citric acid, malic acid and fumaric acid. The anthocyanins were not degraded at 25 o C and under a fluorescent light with 183 lux, but sharply degraded at 60 o C.