The survey was conducted in selected districts of Kymore Plateau and Satpura Hills zone of Madhya Pradesh (India) to assess the pest status of chilli during 2017-18 and 2018-19 rabi season. Crop was monitored at vegetative, flowering, and fruiting stages in four selected locations (pesticide-free fields) of seven districts viz., Seoni, Jabalpur, Katni, Rewa, Satna, Panna, and Sidhi. The pest spectra included four insect pests and a mite species namely, whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius), thrips, Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood, leafhoppers, Amrasca biguttula biguttula (Ishida), fruit-borer, Helicoverpa armigera Hubner, and a mite species, Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks); one species of predator, transverse ladybird beetle, Coccinella transversalis Fabricius. The incidence of Leaf curl disease was also observed. The pooled mean population of B. tabaci in Seoni, Jabalpur, Katni, Rewa, Satna, Panna, and Sidhi was 2.86, 2.45, 2.67, 2.79, 2.90, 2.86, and 2.70 individuals/ 10 cm twig, respectively at the flowering stage. Mean population of S. dorsalis was 1.65, 1.48 and 1.34 individuals/ 10 cm twig at flowering stage in Jabalpur, Katni and Panna, while, in Seoni, Rewa, Satna and Sidhi, it was 1.37, 1.35, 1.34 and 1.48 individuals/ 10 cm twig, respectively at fruiting stage. Population of A. biguttula biguttula was 3.14, 3.80, 3.49, 3.14, 3.18, 3.40, and 2.98 individuals/ 10 cm twig at fruiting stage. P. latus population was 0.86, 1.01, 0.92, 0.99, 0.95, 1.13 and 0.96 mites/ leaf at fruiting stage. H. armigera population was 1.13, 0.43, 0.53, 0.62, 1.28, 0.86 and 1.19 larvae/ plant at fruiting stage. Populations of C. transversalis were 1.80, 2.25, 2.32, 1.85, 1.88, 2.36, and 1.67 beetles/ plant at the fruiting stage. The leaf curl (% leaf infestation) incidence was 27.28, 32.43, 33.33, 28.45, 36.03, 25.53, and 36.19 % at the fruiting stage in the mentioned districts of the zone.
Various researchers, agronomists, scientists, and engineers utilize a variety of technologies every year to boost agricultural productivity at a low cost, but this has a negative influence on the environment. Precision agriculture is the study of the use of technology to enhance agricultural operations in comparison to conventional agricultural methods and lessen negative environmental impacts. Precision agriculture depends heavily on remote sensing technology, and this technology's use in precision agriculture opens up new possibilities for raising agricultural standards. The global positioning system (GPS) enables the geographic Latitude and Longitude data of field data (slope, aspect, nutrients, and yield). Since it has the ability to continuously determine and record the right position, it can build a bigger database for the user. A geographic information system (GIS) that can handle and store these data is needed for further investigation. Despite agroforestry's limited spatial extent, isolation, and higher functional and structural complexity, recent advancements in geospatial technologies, as well as the free accessibility of spatial information and software, can provide additional insight into assessing tools, making the decisions, and developing policies. This review has covered the current uses of geospatial technology, along with their restrictions and limits, as well as prospective future uses for agroforestry. This review discusses GPS, GIS, and remote sensing technology and explains how they might be used in precision agriculture and agroforestry.
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