In agriculture, the demand is increasing for environment friendly, ecologically compatible techniques which can provide food for our growing population by raising both the quality and quantity of farm produce. Here, using plant beneficial microbes enables plants to tackle disease-causing organisms and insects, and withstand abiotic stress. Objective of this review is to focus on the emergence of the agriculturally important micro-organisms in order to establish an ideal agricultural system which supports efficient use of nutrients and energy recycling, and thereby preserves natural resources in the ecosystem as the environment conditions continue to aggravate due to climate change. This review gives a brief overview of the beneficial aspects of microbes in agriculture and several stress situations related to the climate change.

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Early scalable process development for the synthesis of ZY12201, a novel TGR5 receptor agonist, as a potential clinical candidate is described. A practical, efficient, and scalable synthetic route provided ZY12201 in seven steps and 32% overall yield. The key step involves an inexpensive acetic acid-mediated cyclization of thiourea 6 for the construction of 2-thio-imidazole derivative 7. The developed process demonstrated cost-effective, high-yielding, kilogram-scalable, and environmentally friendly synthesis of ZY12201. This high-yielding route enabled us to rapidly synthesize large quantities of ZY12201 in 99% purity to support in vivo and toxicity studies.

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