New Studies Concerning the Reactivity of Formaldehyde Oxide, Acetaldehyde Oxide, and Propionaldehyde OxideReactivity and selectivity of formaldehyde oxide (1 a), acetaldehyde oxide (lb), and propionaldehyde oxide ( l c ) is tested by adding a cooled solution of one or two dipolarophiles to a solution of the primary ozonides of the olefins 2a, 2b or the ketene acetals 7a -c, respectively. Different selectivities are observed for the different carbonyl oxides. Only 1 a is able to react with non-activated olefins like methylenecyclopentane (4a), norbornene (4b), 3-methylstyrene (4c), and cyclopentadiene (4d) under these conditions. Activated olefins turn out to be good quenchers for 1 a. Both 1 a and 1 b react with fulvene 4 e in completely different ways. Contrary to l a , the carbonyl oxides 1 b and 1 c clearly prefer carbonyl compounds to activated olefins.Die Chemie der Carbonyloxide, der zentralen Zwischenstufe des Criegee-Mechanismus' der Ozonolyse von Olefinen ['I, wurde In einer Arbeit von Murray wird die Reaktivitat des durch Ozonolyse von cis-3-Hexen erzeugten Propionaldehyd-0-oxids in Anwesenheit para-substituierter Benzaldehyde unter~ucht[~! Dieses Verfahren hat den entscheidenden Nachteil, daD die Ozonolyse bei geringen Umsatzen abgebrochen werden muD, weil ansonsten der ebenfalls entstehende Propionaldehyd in zu groI3em MaDe mit l c reagiert. Gibt man eine gekiihlte Losung von Methylencyclopentan (4a) zu einer Losung des Primar-Ozonids von 2a, so erhalt man das entsprechende Abfangprodukt l,a-Dioxaspiro[4.4]nonan (5a) in 42proz. Ausbeute.Trotz des sterischen Anspruchs der Cyclopropyl-Einheiten in 2 a sind beide Olefine gegeniiber Formaldehyd-0-oxid (1 a) ahnlich reaktiv, wie man durch ein Konkurrenzexperiment zeigen kann. Gibt man aquimolare Mengen 2a und 4a zu der Losung des Primar-Ozonids von 2a, so erhalt man etwa gleiche Anteile der Dioxolane 3a und 5a (s.Tab. 1).1 a reagiert auch mit dem gespannten Olefin Norbornen (4b), wobei man in 20proz. Ausbeute das tricyclische Dioxolan 5b erhalt. l a reagiert dabei selektiv zu dem exoAddukt, wie durch Differenz-NOE-NMR-Spektren gezeigt werden kann. Das nichtgespannte Cyclohexen erweist sich hingegen als unreaktiv.
Synthesis of 1,2‐Dioxolanes by Ozonolysis of 1,1‐Disubstituted Nonactivated Olefins
Ozonolyses of the cyclopropyl‐substituted olefins 2a, 2b, and 2c do not produce the carbonyl oxides 1a, 1b, and 1c but formaldehyde oxide (1d); 1d can be trapped by the starting olefin and provides the 1,2‐dioxolanes 6a, 6b, and 6c, respectively, in ca. 10% yield. Other dioxolanes and normal ozonides may be obtained by the addition of olefins or aldehydes to solutions of the primary ozonides of 2a and 2b.
Synthesis of 1,2-Dioxolanes by Ozonolysis of 1,1-Disubstituted Nonactivated Olefins.-The olefins (I) are the first non-activated olefins producing 1,2-dioxolanes, e.g. (IV) by ozonolysis. Their formation is explained by the transient generation of formaldehyde oxide (VI), which is trapped by the starting olefin. On addition of another reactant such as (VII) or (IX), the intermediate (VI) is trapped forming the products (VIII) or (X). -(REISER, R.; SEEBOTH, R.-G.; SUELING, C.; WAGNER, G.; WANG, J.; SCHROEDER, G.; Chem.
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