In recent years, various routing metrics such as throughput, end-to-end delay, packet delivery ratio, path duration, and so forth have been used to evaluate the performance of routing protocols in VANETs. Among these routing metrics, path duration is one of the most influential metrics. Highly mobile vehicles cause frequent topology change in vehicular network environment that ultimately affects the path duration. In this paper, we have derived a mathematical model to estimate path duration using border node-based most forward progress within radius (B-MFR), a position based routing protocol. The mathematical model for estimation of path duration consists of probability of finding next-hop node in forwarding region, estimation of expected number of hops, probability distribution of velocity of nodes, and link duration between each intermediate pair of nodes. The analytical results for the path duration estimation model have been obtained using MATLAB. The model for path duration estimation has been simulated in NS2. Each of the analytical results has been verified through respective simulation results. The result analysis clearly reveals that path duration increases with the increase in transmission range and node density and decreases with the increase in the number of hops in the path and velocity of the nodes.

Development of intelligent transportation system is the need of all the developing countries where urbanization and industrialization is rapidly growing. V ANETs are being used as a tool for improving road safety by alarming the drivers about accidents occurred ahead of them or for providing internet access to the passengers via gateways along the road. Due to highly dynamic nature of nodes in V ANETs, designing a routing protocol for V ANET is quite challenging compared to MANET environment. Researchers have suggested several routing mechanism for V ANETs. Few routing decision are based on topology based selection whereas others have considered different parameters like location information of nodes, traffic lights etc. As no benchmarking scheme is available for choosing a routing protocol in V ANET, this article gives an insight on how to choose a routing protocol depends on varying condition of traffic. Three popular protocols AODV, DSR and LAR have been chosen for analysis on varying traffic environment. All the three protocols have been critically tested for different metrics such as Throughput, Packet Delivery Ratio and Routing overhead during the simulation. Simulation is carried out with the help of open source simulation tools NS2, a network simulator, and SUMO, a traffic simulator.

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