Background:Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is an important and useful investigation, and is considered next to imaging in the rapid diagnosis of pulmonary mass lesion for the last few decades.Aims:To assess the role of Computed Tomogram (CT) guided FNAC in pulmonary mass lesions; to analyze the results; and to compare with histopathological findings.Materials and Methods:The clinical, radiological, and cytological data of 130 patients were prospectively studied who underwent CT guided FNAC from October 2009 through September 2011. Thereafter these patients underwent bronchoscopic/trucut biopsy/lobectomy, whatever clinically indicated. Smears and tissue sections were evaluated simultaneously to reach at a definite diagnosis.Results:Out of 130 cases, we found adequate FNAC smear and histopathology reports only in 124 cases. The age range varied from 35 to 73 years with the peak in the fifth to sixth decades. The benign lesions were 10 (8.07%) and malignant lesions were114 (91.93%) shown by cytology. The most common tumor was adenocarcinoma (51.72%) followed by squamous cell carcinoma (22.41%) and small cell carcinoma 6.89%. Diagnostic accuracy of CT guided FNAC was 95%. Post procedural complications such as hemorrhage and chest pain were minimal and were noted only in three cases.Conclusion:CT guided FNAC of pulmonary masses provides simple, easy, and reliable method for reaching rapid tissue diagnosis with minimal complication.

Bullous disorders such as pemphigus vulgaris, bullous pemphigoid after the initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy in certain human immunodeficiency virus reactive individuals have been described in this case series as a manifestation of an immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. This phenomenon should be suspected in individuals who present with bullous lesions within 3-8 weeks after initiation of therapy despite of improved immunological response. Strong clinical suspicion, through clinical examination, appropriate laboratory investigation such as CD4 T-cell count, histopathological examinations with H and E stain, direct immunofluorescence test are required for diagnosis.

No abstract

a B S t r a c tBackground: District Health authority of Bankura in the state of West Bengal desired to estimate the coverage of childhood vaccination and vitamin a prophylaxis by an independent body. to address these issues the present study was undertaken. Objectives: to estimate immunization coverage and vitamin a supplementation in 12-23 months children. Methods: a cross sectional observational study was conducted in the district of Bankura, West Bengal among children aged between 12-23 months with sample size 320. Study variables were sex, residence, antigen-wise immunization coverage, proportion of fully immunized children, immunization drop-out rate, Vitamin-A (first dose) supplementation etc. coverage was estimated by proportions and chi-square (c 2 ) was applied as a test of significance. Results: 99.0%, 94.8% and 91.4% of studied children received Bcg, DPt-3/oPV-3 and Measles vaccination respectively. 80.3% of children (80.9% male and 79.7% of female) were fully immunized. The drop out rate for highest covered antigen dose (DPT1/OPV1) to lowest covered antigen dose (measles) was 8.1%. Fully immunized children were found more in rural area (81.7%) than the urban area (62.5) of the district. Difference was statistically significant. Almost 92% children received first dose of Vitamin-A. Conclusion: immunization coverage of Bankura district was higher than that of the state and national figures. Rural coverage is better than urban.

No abstract