According to World Health Organization (WHO) Worldwide, at least 2.8 million people die each year as a result of being overweight or obese. Lifestyle transition and socio-economic improvement have contributed enormously to the escalating problem of overweight and obesity among children in developing countries [1]. India ranks 15th position in female obesity and Andhra Pradesh ranks 10th position in India, with morbid obesity affecting 5% of the country's population [2]. Indians are abstract Aim: The present study is undertaken to find out if obesity especially, visceral fat has any correlation with cardiovascular sympathetic activity in female undergraduate medical students.Materials and methods: 24 females with mean age of 20 ± 2 of same community participated in the study. They were divided into 2 groups: Group I-Normal (BMI < 25), Group II -Obese (BMI > 30). Group II was again divided in to two subgroups, with normal visceral fat (VF), with increased visceral fat (>10). Visceral fat, BMI and resting metabolism were measured using OMRON HBF -362. Base line systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were measured. Sympathetic nerve activity was assessed using hand grip dynamometer, 30% of T max was calculated and simultaneously BP changes were monitored.Results: Results were assessed using 't' test. A statistically significant difference (< 0.05) was observed in resting metabolism, baseline SBP, DBP and sympathetic activity between normal and obese groups. Baseline SBP varied significantly with visceral fat within the obese group. Conclusion:The present study shows obesity increases sympathetic activity and visceral fat plays an important role in regulation of baseline BP, especially SBP even in young girls.

Background: Short-term memory allows recall for a period of several seconds to a minute without rehearsal. Various studies have shown a positive correlation between physical activity and cognition. The present study is undertaken to find out if physical training has any extra benefit on children’s auditory and visual short term memory in rural area whose physical activity is greater than urban children and adults. Materials and methods: Total 60 children participated in the study. 30 children were trained regularly in sports both in the morning and evening at least for 2 hours a day for one year in the age group of 8-16 and 30 untrained children age, gender and BSA matched participated in the study. Auditory memory was tested using numerical and word test. Visual memory was tested using numerical, word and objective tests. Results and discussion: Statistically significant results were observed in auditory word test, visual numerical, visual word and visual objective tests but auditory numerical test was insignificant. Conclusions: Short term memory improves linearly with physical activity. This could be due to increase in supply of oxygen and nutrients to brain.