PurposeRural women entrepreneurship has been a domain attracting academicians and governments. This paper aims to to annotate existing literature in order to find a nexus between rural women and entrepreneurship using a systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis. Further, it has a certain scope and direction of existing research by critically analysing the work published in the domain of rural women entrepreneurship.Design/methodology/approachOut of 213 documents, 192 were published during last 20 years till October 2020 in Scopus journals that were downloaded using the keywords “Women Entrepreneurship” OR “Female Entrepreneurs” OR “Women Entrepreneurs” OR “Female Entrepreneurship” AND rural were accepted for further processing. VOS-Viewer software has been used to present bibliometric analysis. A thematic analysis of top 10 papers and 26 open access papers has also been done.FindingsIt was found that research interest in the said domain gained momentum in the last decade only. India is the top country that is publishing maximum papers; the United Kingdom has the maximum citations. The existing studies have focussed on factors influencing entrepreneurship, impact of gender and role of government schemes in fostering entrepreneurship. It is recommended that future studies may explore few inadequately explored grey areas including impact of entrepreneurial education, microcredit and information technology on rural women entrepreneurship.Originality/valueThis literature review article contributes to the existing literature by identifying the scope and direction of the existing literature. Further, it helps in identifying the least explored areas that can be taken up for the conduct of future research.
total of 422 parents participated in this study. 19% of parents reported that their children consumed at least four servings of F&V per day. No statistically significant difference was observed in parental attitudes across children's vegetable consumption levels. A significant difference (p = 0.004) in the importance of fruit in children's diets across consumption levels was observed. 91% of parents whose children consumed F&V less than daily agreed with the statement that 'It is important to me that my child eats fruit', compared to 100% of parents whose children consumed at least four servings of F&V per day. Conclusion In this study, most primary school children did not eat the recommended daily servings of F&V. Although one difference was observed in the importance of fruit in children's diets across consumption levels, parental attitudes towards vegetables did not influence children's intake. Therefore, future analysis should consider other parental factors that may influence child F&V intake levels, including food availability and parental consumption.
Ahmednagar District, Maharashtra, the second most populated state in India. A comparison was made between socio-economic conditions, adoption of new technologies, changing cropping pattern, and market access to identify the drivers of dietary diversity in a transitional scenario moving from subsistence agriculture in upland regions towards commercial production in lowland regions. Hilly upland region has thick forests, sparse population, small land holdings and rainfedorganic subsistence agriculture. This region has poor transport, communication, and healthcare facilities. In contrast, lowland region scores better on these development parameters. Here, cropping pattern is dictated by market trends and farmers use irrigation facilities and modern farm implements for high productivity. Through our Nutrition Awareness Programme this study also focused on analysing dietary behaviours of primary school children in the villages. Methods Qualitative methods used were semi-structured interviews, seasonal calendar, 24 hrs. dietary recall and focussed group discussions. The data was quantitatively analysed using Stata 12.0 and AnthroPlus 1.0.4. Results Results (at 95% confidence) indicated a high household dietary diversity score (HDDS) and Women's Dietary Diversity Score (WDDS) amongst the adult population in both the regions -Upland: HDDS 6.4, WDDS 4.0; Lowland: HDDS 7.3 and WDDS 4.7. Upland students exhibited a balanced dietary pattern of different food groups with Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) of 7 whereas for lowland it stood at 6. However, over 50% of upland students were stunted with HAZ < -2; over10% risked being overweight; 50% were wasted with low BAZ scores. Higher percentage of upland students were malnourished despite higher DDS, especially, girls exhibited a lower DDS and were more severely wasted. Conclusions The study establishes that improved irrigation, livestock ownership, crop diversification, and easy access to the markets have scope to increase dietary diversity in this region.
The basic purpose of public health services is to provide hassle free primary health care to citizens. The main areas of concern regarding health services are. improvement of their availability, accessibility and utilisation. The present field based study seeks to identify the availability of health care agencies in the Union Territory of Chandigarh with special respect to government agencies. Further, the issues of delivery of public health services investigated were those of availability of health manpower; health services in terms of preventive, promotive, curative and rehabilitation services; manpower; health infrastructural facilities and equipment.
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