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Background: This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between clinical course and pulmonary artery (PA) diameters in children diagnosed with COVID-19. Method: The study included 62 patients who presented COVID-19 symptoms between March 2020 and April 2021. Group 1 consisted of 32 pediatric patients who were COVID-19 PCR (+), while Group 2 consisted of 30 pediatric patients who were COVID-19 PCR(-). The data were collected retrospectively from medical records. Patients who developed pneumonia due to causes other than COVID-19 and those who had a history of pulmonary hypertension or pulmonary thromboembolism were excluded. The patients were examined based on their Computerized Tomographic (CT) findings, simultaneous whole blood parameters and biochemical parameters. Results: The thoracic CT findings of 18 of the patients in Group 1 were found normal. The CT images of 14 patients showed pulmonary involvement. Among the patients with pulmonary involvement, 8 had moderate pneumonia characterized by a ground-glass pattern, and 6 had severe pneumonia indicated by consolidation and linear opacities. The right pulmonary artery, left pulmonary artery and inferior vena cava (IVC) diameters of the patients in Group 1 were significantly higher than those of the patients in Group 2. Conclusion: The results of this study suggested that increased PA diameters in children diagnosed with COVID-19 may be accompanied by increased inflammation, high vascular resistance, hypoxemia and thromboembolic events. While it is thought that increased PA and IVC diameters are a factor that may indicate clinical deterioration in COVID-19 patients, more comprehensive studies are needed.

Purpose: In the study, it was aimed to determine the correlation between erythroferrone (ERFE) and hepcidin levels in patients with iron deficiency anemia and laboratory parametersused in diagnosing iron deficiency anemia, and to investigate whether the drugs that may lead to an increase in EFTE or will suppress hepcidin could be new treatmentmodalities in iron deficiency anemia. Method: 26 cases who presented to the pediatrics clinic with a diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia and did not have a concomitant disease and 26 healthy children were included in the study. In the study conducted with a case-control design, normal hemoglobin and hematocrit lower limits according to age and gender and red cell indices based on normal age and gender determined by the World Health Organization were used for the diagnosis of anemia. In order to evaluate iron status, serum iron, total iron binding capacity (TIBC), and ferritin levels were analyzed. Serum hepcidin and erythroferrone levels in children diagnosed with iron deficiency before the start of the iron treatment and at the end of first month of their treatment and in the control group were measured with ELISA method. Findings: Compared to the control group, hemoglobin (p < 0,001), MCV (p = 0,001), MCH (p < 0,001), MCHC (p < 0,001), iron (p < 0,001), ferritin (p < 0.001) and hepcidin (p = 0.001) levels in Group I were found to be significantly lower. Besides, RDW value was significantly higher in the iron deficiency group compared to the control group (p=0.001). When Group I and Group II values were compared, significant increases were determined in erythrocyte count (p=0.034), hemoglobin, hematocrit, MCV (p<0.001 for each), MCHC (p=0.002), iron (p<0.001), ferritin (p=0.015) and hepcidin levels (p<0.001). A significant decrease was found in iron binding capacity after the treatment (p=0.004). In Group I, hepcidin levels had a significant and strong correlation with initial ferritin levels (r = 0.829, p < 0.001). When erythrocyte levels of Group I and Group II were compared, there was a decrease in the erythrocyte levels of Group II, but this decrease was not statistically significant. However, hepcidin levels displayed moderate or weak correlation with neutrophil count (r = -0.429, p = 0.037), eosinophil count (r = -0.447, p = 0.029) and iron level (r = 0.594, p = 0.002). Conclusion: In the study, a strong and positive correlation was determined between ferritin and hepcidin levels in individuals with iron deficiency. This may suggest that hepcidin is largely regulated by iron deposit level. In addition, following the iron treatment, an increase was found in ferritin and hepcidin levels. In the study, no significant difference was found between theiron deficiency group and the control group in terms of erythroferrone levels.

Febril Konvülziyon çocukluk yaş grubunda en sık görülen nöbet şeklidir. Bu çalışma febril konvülziyon tanısıyla izlenen hastaların klinik özelliklerini araştırmak ve risk faktörlerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araçlar ve Yöntem: Febril konvülziyon tanısıyla Kırşehir Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Pediatri Servisinde takip edilen, 166 hasta çalışmaya alındı. Çalışmadaki veriler retrospektif olarak tıbbi kayıtlardan elde edildi. Hastalar yaş, cinsiyet, aile hikayesi, eş zamanlı biyokimya değerleri ve tam kan parametreleri açısından incelendi. Bu çalışma Kırşehir Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Klinik Araştırmalar Etik Kurulu tarafından onaylandı. Bulgular:131 hastada (%79) Basit Febril Konvülziyon ve 35 hastada (%21) Komplike Febril Konvülziyon mevcuttu. Etiyolojide en sık (%78) üst solunum yolu enfeksiyonu tanımlandı. Hastaların 27'sinde (%16) febril konvülziyon tekrarladı. Hastaların 37 'sinde (%22.2) ailede febril konvülziyon hikayesi, 14'ünde (%8.4) ailede epilepsi hikayesi mevcuttu. Febril konvülziyonlu hastalarda serum sodyum, potasyum, klor, kalsiyum, trombosit düzeyleri kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı olarak düşük, glukoz, kreatin kinaz, C-reaktif protein düzeyi anlamlı yüksek saptandı (p<001). Sonuç: Erken çocukluk döneminde, genetik yatkın olan hastalarda üst solunum yolu enfeksiyonları ve serum elektrolit bozuklukları febril konvülziyon için en önemli risk faktörleri olarak bulundu.