Nanocellulose polymers have played a vital role in biomedical applications and the medical field as a whole and made possible with 3D bio-ink printing. This achievement has made it easy for skin grafting, organ transplants and cancer screening and treatment. The many available thermoplastics are being replaced with cellulose from wood, pulp and plants, some of the cellulose polymers covered in this paper are Nanocellulose (CNF), nanofibers (CNC), Bacterial cellulose and many more cellulose polymers as discussed in the preceding chapters. This review also details advancements in modifications that have been done in cellulose polymers to make them more and more effective in the medical field that each day is facing challenges. The introduction section, chapter one, brings out the core issues of the paper introducing bio-ink which is further discussed in detail in chapters two and three, information on cellulose, its sources and polymer can be obtained from both chapters one and two. The aims and objectives of this writing are to review the journey that 3D bio-ink printing of cellulose Polymers, particularly Nano polymers of CNC and CNF, have taken since their inception in Sweden. This paper blends with previous information and current findings, uses and discoveries on the 3D bio-ink printing of nanocellulose. It also endeavors to ascertain how 3D printing has influenced the application of 4D bioprinting in its advanced stages.

Coronavirus outbreak has disrupted educational processes around the world. Policies like social distancing and lockdown of colleges and universities surrounding the coronavirus pandemic are responsible for disrupting educational processes. Consequently, educational stakeholders have resulted in using online digital resources to enable the continuation of learning and the curriculum. While online platforms serve the purpose of offering an alternative learning process, most of them are not as effective as an in-person attendance. In addition, not all students are able to access these online learning resources since they lack the resources necessary for accessing the online learning platform. A number of students are not tech savvy enough while others are in remote areas where internet connectivity is scanty. Nonetheless, the coronavirus pandemic has catalysed a new trend that is going to change how education and learning is conducted. Evidently, we have witnessed a number of collaborations from renowned education stakeholders.

Aim and Objectives: 1) To assess incidence of medication errors. 2) To evaluate percentage of patients admitted with adverse drug reaction. 3) To evaluate percentage of Error Prone Abbreviations. 4) To analyze the adverse drug event in Patients Receiving High Risk Medication. Methods and Search Strategy: A systematic review of literature related to Medication errors in prescribing, transcribing, dispensing, administration and documentation in various subjects, error prone abbreviations, adverse drug events in patients receiving high risk medication were collected. The following electronic databases were searched: Embase, Pubmed, EBSCO, Allied Health Literature. Results: We reviewed 20796 medication orders and found 1710 medication errors (8.5%), 214 Error Prone Abbreviation (1.1%), 5 patients admitted with Adverse drug reaction (0.45%), 3 adverse drug events in Patients Receiving High Risk Medication (0.27%). Among the 1710 medication errors (8.5%)-619 transcribing errors (3.29%), 397 prescribing errors (2.11%), 13 dispensing errors (0.06%), 357 documentation errors (1.89%), 214 EPA (1.14%), 5 near miss errors (0.02%), 55 missed dose errors (0.29%) were found. Conclusion: Now a days medication errors are being observed most commonly in a tertiary care hospital. Of the observed medication errors transcribing errors were observed more commonly followed by to prescribing, documentation, EPA, dispensing, missed dose errors and near miss errors. We can overcome these medication errors by educating physicians, nurses regarding the areas where medication errors are more prone to occur.

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Animal models are the most commonly used model that helps to improve the understanding of the genetic alterations that occur in humans during the carcinogenic environment. Furthermore, these models play a pivotal role in the illustration of tumorigenesis and therapeutic strategies. With the advancement in molecular biology, the use of nanomedicine for breast cancer treatment has progressed, and more is expected to be done in the future pretrial and clinical models to achieve more success. The biocompatibility of 3D printing platforms has been reported to be adequate in terms of cell viability; however the effects on gene expression and functional aspects have received less attention. Various mechanical and visual disruptions to cells are involved depending on the type of bioprinter employed. Additional research into the mechanical and optical effects of the bioprinting process will provide more insight into the 3D printing technique' biocompatibility. To investigate the microenvironment of breast tumours and 3D bioprinting methods have also been studied. Modalities for bioprinting include extrusion-based (EBB) printing, droplet-based (DBB) printing and laser-based bioprinting. Different research has indicated that new developments of novel cancer modelling have emerged with 3D bioprinting technology. Those studies need to be properly explained and analyses in a Broadway in this review and to help in the progress of cancer research.