The mean residence time (MRT) and the residence time distribution (RTD) of polypropylene in a twin-screw extruder was determined directly in-line with the help of near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy and the use of an UV-absorber as tracer. Different experiment alignments such as screw speed, mass throughput, back pressure as well as tracer content and their influence on MRT and RTD have been investigated.
Pulsed Wave Velocimetry (PWV) is an ultrasonic technique for measuring velocity profiles in flowing liquids. With an earlier prototype, we already demonstrated its applicability to monitor the flow behavior of molten polypropylene with different additives in capillary dies. In this contribution, we present an improved measurement setup, which allows testing liquids with temperatures > 220 ○ C using a large bandwidth ultrasound transducer (UT). The UT works at room temperature and is acoustically coupled to the melt using a wave guide. The setup comprises active cooling and enables long-time in-line measurement. In this contribution, we show results obtained inline during the extrusion of polylactide (PLA) with glass fibers at various feed rates. Using the acquired data, methods to calculate acoustical properties like the speed of sound and the damping in melt are discussed.
ZusammenfassungZur Modellierung des Strömungsverhaltens von Kunststoffschmelzen und zur Auslegung des verwendeten Extrusionswerkzeugs muss das Strömungsprofil des Polymers unter Prozessbedingungen bekannt sein. Von besonderem Interesse dabei ist, ob sogenanntes Wandgleiten auftritt oder nicht. Mit Hilfe der Pulsed-Wave Sonografie kann das Strömungsprofil in transparenten und opaken Flüssigkeiten gemessen werden. Dieser Beitrag zeigt, wie damit unter Verwendung eines Clamp-In Waveguides, der in das Extrusionswerkzeug integriert wurde, Strömungsprofile in-line während der Extrusion gemessen werden können. Messergebnisse, die bei der Extrusion von wandgleitenden Polylactiden (PLA) bei unterschiedlichen Kanaltiefen erhalten wurden, werden gezeigt.
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