We investigated decoherence of a Josephson vortex quantum bit ͑qubit͒ in dissipative and noisy environment. As the Josephson vortex qubit ͑JVQ͒ is fabricated by using a long Josephson junction ͑LJJ͒, we use the perturbed sine-Gordon equation to describe the phase dynamics representing a two-state system and estimate the effects of quasiparticle dissipation and weakly fluctuating critical and bias currents on the relaxation time T 1 and on the dephasing time T . We show that the critical current fluctuation does not contribute to dephasing of the qubit in the lowest order approximation. Modeling the weak current variation from magnetic field fluctuations in the LJJ by using the Gaussian colored noise with long correlation time, we show that the coherence time T 2 is limited by the low frequency current noise at very low temperatures. Also, we show that a ultra-long coherence time may be obtained from the JVQ by using experimentally accessible value of physical parameters.

We investigate the effects of high-Qc resonant cavity on macroscopic quantum tunneling (MQT) of fluxon both from a metastable state to continuum and from one degenerate ground-state of a double-well potential to the other. By using a set of two coupled perturbed sine-Gordon equations, we describe the tunneling processes in linear long Josephson junctions (LJJs) and find that MQT in the resonant cavity increases due to potential renomalization, induced by the interaction between the fluxon and cavity. Enhancement of the MQT rate in the weak-coupling regime is estimated by using the experimantally accessible range of the model parameters. The tunneling rate from the metastable state is found to increase weakly with increasing junction-cavity interaction strength. However, the energy splitting between the two degenerate ground-states of the double-well potential increases significantly with increasing both the interaction strength and frequency of the resonant cavity mode. Finally, we discuss how the resonant cavity may be used to tune the property of Josephson vortex quantum bits.

We investigated decoherence of a Josephson vortex quantum bit (qubit) in dissipative and noisy environment. As the Josephson vortex qubit (JVQ) is fabricated by using a long Josephson junction (LJJ), we use the perturbed sine-Gordon equation to describe the phase dynamics representing a two-state system and estimate the effects of quasiparticle dissipation and weakly fluctuating critical and bias currents on the relaxation time T_1 and on the dephasing time T_\phi. We show that the critical current fluctuation does not contribute to dephasing of the qubit in the lowest order approximation. Modeling the weak current variation from magnetic field fluctuations in the LJJ by using the Gaussian colored noise with long correlation time, we show that the coherence time T_2 is limited by the low frequency current noise at very low temperatures. Also, we show that an ultra-long coherence time may be obtained from the JVQ by using experimentally accessible value of physical parameters.Comment: 13 pages,8 figures,to be appeared in Phys.Rev.