Context. Endothelial dysfunction and diabetic cardiomyopathy are critical complications of diabetes. Gallic acid (GA) plays a significant role in cardiovascular disorders resulted from diabetes. In addition, increased plasma miR-24, miR-126 associated with endothelial dysfunction. Aim. The current study was designed to assess the effects of GA on plasma miR-24, miR-126 levels in the diabetic rats. Animals and Methods. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups (n=8): control (C), diabetic (D) and diabetic group treated with GA (D+G, 25 mg/kg, by gavage) for eight weeks. The blood glucose level, body weight, lipid profile, blood pressure, plasma miR-24 and miR-126 levels, antioxidant and inflammatory biomarkers were measured. Results. The plasma levels of miR-24, miR-126, body weight, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), total anti-oxidant capacity (TAC) and the systolic blood pressure significantly reduced and blood glucose, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-c), malondialdehyde (MDA), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) significantly elevated among the diabetic rats compared with the control group. However, GA restored body weight, blood pressure, TC, TG, VLDL-c, TNF-α, miR-126, blood glucose, HDL-c, MDA, TAC, miR-24 and IL-6 among the GA treated rats compared with the diabetic group. Conclusion. GA improves inflammation, oxidative stress and hypotension result from diabetes. These protective effects are probably mediated via increasing plasma miR-24 and miR-126 levels.
