Here, a new hybrid DC–DC converter is presented to enable controlling a DC motor. Since renewable energy sources, including PV, FC, and batteries, are projected to be used extensively in the future, using interface converters becomes essential. Firstly, these converters must have a suitable voltage gain because PV and FC have a low voltage at the output. Secondly, such converters must be controlled correctly because PV and FC do not provide a constant voltage, they have different characteristics, and they may work in any operating point instead of the maximum power point. Therefore, a suitable controller is essential for extracting maximum power values from these energy sources. In this paper, the decentralized control method, as a multivariable control technique, has been used to control a PV/FC/battery DC–DC converter.

No abstract

A new multivariable control technique is introduced in this paper. This method is applied to a three-input DC-DC converter. First, the dynamic model of the converter is obtained in the state space, and then, the transfer function is achieved from the state space model to design a controller. In the second step, the input-output sets must be paired using a relative gain array (RGA) matrix. In the third step, the system is decoupled in the steady state by a simple matrix. The PI controller tracks the reference inputs of the controller. If the designed controller has proper performance in the transfer function of the converter, it can be applied to a real system. This multivariable control method has suitable performance and simple implementation, which results in an inexpensive controller. The DC motor must work in a constant power region if the practical application is the aim. In this case, the torque can be directly controlled to regulate the speed of the DC motor without needing a gearbox, which promotes total efficiency. Real-time simulation and experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed system.

No abstract

No abstract