Introdução: Síndrome metabólica (SM) é um transtorno complexo caracterizado por um conjunto de alterações fisiopatológicas simultâneas, como alteração no perfil glicêmico, lipídico, nos níveis pressóricos e obesidade central. Objetivo: Identificar a prevalência de síndrome metabólica em idosos e fatores sociodemográficos, socioeconômicos e comportamentais associados. Métodos: Realizou-se um estudo transversal com 293 idosos, residentes no município de Nova Roma do Sul (RS), Brasil. Dados foram coletados por meio de questionário, medidas antropométricas e exames bioquímicos. Determinou-se a síndrome metabólica segundo a National Cholesterol Education Program/Adult Tratment Panel III. Aplicou-se estatística descritiva e teste do χ 2 , além da Regressão de Poisson. Resultados: A prevalência geral foi de 37,2%. Na análise ajustada, a baixa escolaridade (RP=1,40; IC95% 1,07-1,82), o excesso de peso (RP=4,36; IC95% 2,47-7,68) e o consumo frequente de doces (RP=0,74; IC95% 0,57-0,97) estiveram associados ao desfecho. Conclusão: A prevalência de SM apresentou-se elevada, principalmente entre idosos com excesso de peso e com baixa escolaridade. Resultado preocupante, principalmente diante dos agravos que esse distúrbio metabólico pode causar à saúde. Evidencia-se a necessidade de ações, ainda em fase adulta, visando à elaboração de estratégias que atentem integralmente à saúde do idoso.Palavras-chave: síndrome x metabólica; saúde do idoso; prevalência; estudos transversais. ABSTRACTIntroduction: Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a complex disorder characterized by a set of simultaneous pathophysiological changes, including glycemic levels, lipid profile, pressure levels, and central obesity. Objective: To identify the prevalence of MS in an elderly population and to point out sociodemographic, socioeconomic and behavioral factors associated. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 293 elderly people living in the city of Nova Roma do Sul (RS), Brazil. Data were collected by questionnaire, anthropometric measurements, and biochemical tests. MS was determined according to the National Cholesterol Education Program/Adult Treatment Panel III. Descriptive statistics, χ 2 , and Poisson regression tests were applied. Results: The prevalence of MS was 37.2%. In the adjusted analysis, low educational level (PR=1.40; 95%CI 1.07-1.82), overweight (PR=4.36; 95%CI 2.47-7.68), and frequent sugar intake (PR=0.74; 95%CI 0.57-0.97) were shown to be associated with MS. Conclusion: The prevalence of MS was high, especially among overweight and low-educated elderly. This is a worrying result, especially because MS diagnosis could be associated with higher risk for health. This is evidence of the need of actions to be taken in adulthood still, and elaboration of strategies that improve the health of the elderly.
The objective was to measure the prevalence of overweight and obesity (OO) and very high risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and associated factors, in farmers and their families in a city in southern Brazil Observational, cross-sectional study carried out with farmers and their families residing in the Serra Gaúcha region. For data collection, a wide questionnaire was used, in addition to anthropometric measurements (Body Mass Index - BMI and waist circumference). Associations with outcomes were explored using Student's t-tests and ANOVA to compare means and the chi-square test for categorical variables. 122 individuals participated in this study. Prevalence of OO was 59.0% and very high risk for CVD was 50.8%, being present in 78.7% of women and in 33.3% of men. Annual income and very high risk for CVD were identified as factors associated with OO. Also, factors associated with a very high risk for CVD were advanced age and BMI in both sexes, and marital status in men. Thus, the importance of early identification of risk factors for outcomes in farmers and their families is reinforced, in view of high prevalence’s observed.
RESUMOA diminuição da capacidade fisiológica e o declínio funcional dos órgãos, associados ao aumento da expectativa de vida, tornam os idosos mais propensos ao desenvolvimento de doenças. A anemia é uma patologia comum nos idosos, associada a várias condições crônicas, com sintomas que podem ser confundidos pela própria idade. Com o objetivo de avaliar a prevalência de anemia e identificar fatores associados em idosos residentes no município de Nova Roma do Sul-RS, foi realizado um estudo transversal. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre março e agosto de 2016, através de visitas domiciliares para aplicação de questionários, que identificaram informações demográficas, comportamentais e alimentares. Foram mensuradas medidas antropométricas e amostras de sangue, para exames bioquímicos. Presença de anemia foi identificada a partir da concentração sanguínea de hemoglobina, seguindo os valores de referência estabelecidos pela OMS (<12g/dL mulheres, <13g/dL homens). Foram avaliados 294 idosos, onde a prevalência geral de anemia foi de 4,4%. Quando associados, os resultados com maior prevalência do desfecho foram: idade avançada (12,5%), não ter filhos (11,1%), dormir 9 horas ou mais (7,4%), diagnóstico de diabetes mellitus (13,0%) e hipertensão arterial (7,4%), e o consumo elevado de alimentos gordurosos (9,0%). A regressão logística ajustada foi significativa para diagnóstico de diabetes mellitus e consumo elevado de alimentos gordurosos, apresentando respectivamente odds ratio de 7,97 (p=0,004) e 4,01 (p=0,043). A prevalência de anemia em idosos residentes de Nova Roma do Sul-RS foi baixa, no entanto, assim como outras doenças que acometem esta população, merece atenção clínica e tratamento adequado. Palavras-chave:Idosos; Estado Nutricional; Prevalência; Fatores de Risco; Anemia. ABSTRACTThe decrease of physiological capacity and the functional decline of organs, associated with the increase of life expectancy, turn elderly people more prone to disease development. Anemia is a common pathology in the elderly, associated with various chronic conditions, with symptoms that may be confounded by age. A cross-sectional study was carried out to evaluate the prevalence of anemia and to identify problems associated with elderly residents in Nova Roma do Sul, RS. Data collection took place between March and August 2016, through home visits for the application of questionnaires, which identified demographic, behavioral and alimentary information. Anthropometric measures and blood samples were also measured for biochemical tests. Presence of anemia was identified from blood hemoglobin concentration, following the WHO established reference values (<12g/dL women, <13g/dL men). It was evaluated 294 elderly patients were evaluated, where an overall prevalence of anemia was 4.4%. When associated, the results with the highest prevalence of the outcome were: advanced age (12.5%), no children (11.1%), sleep 9 hours or more (7.4%), history of diabetes mellitus (13.0%) and hypertension (7.4%), and high consumption of fatty foods (9.0%). A...
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