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Background Male out-migration is negatively associated with contraceptive use in developing countries. This study aimed to examine the effect of male out-migration on the contraceptive behaviour of women in the Middle-Ganga Plain (MGP) region. Methods The data has been collected from the Middle-Ganga Plain survey (2018–19), which was conducted by the International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS). The overall sample size was 1314 wives left behind and 1402 non-migrant wives. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between the variables. Statistical analyses were done using SPSS version 25. Result The result shows that female sterilization was the most common method used by both left behind wives (30.9%) and non-migrant wives (34.6%). Most of the left-behind women didn't use contraception because their husbands were away from home (30.86%). The result also shows that left behind wives were less likely to use any methods of contraception than the non-migrant wives. Left behind women were more tended to use the modern methods (OR-0.71, 95%CI = 0.57–0.88) than any traditional methods (OR-0.61, 95% CI = 0.46–0.80). Age, religion, family type, working status, and marital duration were strongly associated with women's contraceptive use. Conclusion These results strengthen the existing literature that explains how migration affects women's health. Therefore, there is an important need to develop and implement comprehensive education programs and policy on contraception use.

Purpose Migration appears to be a determinant in health-care utilisation, particularly among the elderly in India. Ageing and migration are essential socio-demographic phenomena in the 21st century for developing and developed countries to establish better public health-care policies. This study aims to focus on the status and determinants of health-care utilisation among elderly migrants who have migrated after attaining the age of 45 and above. Design/methodology/approach This study used the data from the first wave of the longitudinal ageing study in India (LASI) in 2017–2018. Two outcome variables were used to examine the health-care utilisation, including in-patient and out-patient care. Binary logistic regression was used to explore the predictors of healthcare utilisation in terms of in-patient and out-patient care among the elderly migrant population. Findings A total of 82.9% of elderly migrants had visited out-patient care when they were sick, whereas 15.3% have used in-patient care. Enabling factors, such as wealth quintile and health insurance, and need factor, such as chronic disease and self-rated health, were more significant factors influencing the health-care utilisation. Originality/value This study contributes to our understanding of older migrants’ health-care utilisation. Focussing on this study’s outcome, policymakers and decision makers may consider improving older migrants’ access to health-care by raising their income level, offering local health insurance and health awareness programs.