Abstract. Baderan DWK, Hamidun MS, Utina R, Rahim S, Dali R. 2019. The abundance and diversity of Mollusks in mangrove ecosystem at coastal area of North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 987-993. The study reported in this paper sought to analyze the abundance and diversity of Mollusks species in the coastal mangrove areas of Panango in North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Data collected in the study lent support to policy making in reducing the loss of marine biotic species in the coastal mangrove areas. Data collection used stratified-random sampling method (plot size was 10 m x 10 m) with three plots at each research station was used. Data analyzed by Odum formula for abundance, Shannon Wiener index for diversity and evenness index for evenness. The samples were collected from 2 research station covering 15 sampling sites. This research found 14 families of mollusks comprised of 11 gastropod families (21 species) and bivalve families (3 types). The highest of the relative density was found in Terebralia sp (24,24%), and the lowest relative density was obtained (1,52%) in the following species: Spondylus violaceus, Conus sp., Semiricinula turbinoides, and Faunus ater. The diversity index of mollusks species (Gastropoda and Bivalvia) at the observation station was classified as a high category, indicating by H’ >3,32 (Station I H’= 2,19 and Station II H’= 2,12). The evenness value in range 0,4<e<0,6. This indicates that the Mollusks species found in the research site had a medium amount. This study suggests a need to regulate mangrove areas of Panango for sustainable mangrove ecosystems management.

Lapolo N, Utina R, Baderan DWK. 2018. Diversity and density of crabs in degraded mangrove area at Tanjung PanjangNature Reserve in Gorontalo, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 1154-1159. This study was aimed to analyze the diversity and the density ofcrabs in a degraded mangrove area including in the intact mangrove area and the fishponds (the degraded mangrove area).. The datafrom this study could be used as supporting data for decision makers to slow down the degradation of mangrove along the area ofTanjung Panjang Natural Reserve. The observed data i.e diversity and density of crabs were collected using the stratified randomsampling method (10 m x 10 m plot). Environmental parameters suited to crab habitat were also measured. The samples were takenfrom 18 spots. The study shows that 20 species of crabs were obtained within the mangrove area, and 11 species were founded withinthe fishponds area. Interestingly, two species of crabs i.e Varuna yui and Varuna litterata were only founded in fishponds area. Thedensity of crabs in mangrove area ranged between 3.23 ind/300m2 and 4.52 ind/300m2, while the density of crabs in fishponds arearanged between 0.16 ind/300m2 and 0.63 ind/300m2. Further study revealed that characteristics and the age of mangrove trees affectedmacrozoobenthic biota (Gastropods, Bivalvia, Mud Lobster, Polychaeta, and shrimp) as well as fish diversity within mangrove inTanjung Panjang Natural Reserve. These may be important for further restoration program of mangrove ecosystem and the sustainablerestocking for conservation purposes.

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Katili AS, Utina R, Tamu Y, Nusantari E. 2018. Management of coastal biodiversity based on social-cultural values in constructing conservation character education. Biodiversitas 19: 1763-1768. Coastal biodiversity is quite high including coral reef, mangrove, seagrass, and fishery resources. Management of coastal biodiversity can be conducted interdisciplinary covering various aspects. Four main aspects can be integrated, i.e., physical-biodiversity, social-cultural, character education, and conservation. This present study aimed to describe: coastal biodiversity in Gorontalo Province, Indonesia community’s social-cultural value and local wisdom embodying conservation character of the coastal ecosystem, and character education of coastal ecosystem biodiversity in primary school by learning with a prototype of conservation character-based materials. Specifically, the present study aimed to construct the conservation character education based on social-cultural values. Data were analyzed with descriptive qualitative method by comparing and referring to findings from the previous studies. The procedure used in this research was four-D, i.e., (i) Define stage; by doing the identification and exploration of the coastal biodiversity potential. The methods used in this stage was exploration survey method. Focused group discussions were conducted with coastal communities to identify social-cultural values and local wisdom and to analyze the core and basic competence of learners by examining the tools of the lesson and determining the competence. (ii) Design stage; by designing a prototype of learning material to construct the conservation character for learners. (iii) Development stage; by validating the prototype of learning material for constructing the conservation character for the learner. (iv) Dissemination stage, by doing seminars and information dissemination on a prototype of learning material to construct the conservation character. The results showed that in Gorontalo, there were three components of the coastal ecosystem which included mangrove, seagrass, and coral reef. The communities in the coastal area of Gorontalo were prominent in their strengthened social-cultural roots taking the form of ecological awareness. The community in coastal area possessed local knowledge of the natural resources, e.g., plants and animals, and local attribution of such resources in the local language. The conservation character-education based on social-cultural values, specifically local wisdom, is the most appropriate education model to encourage the pattern of biodiversity coastal ecosystem management. Conservation character education was highly relevant to life-enhancing skills, based on the empowerment of skills and coastal biodiversity potential in each region.

Abstract. Utina R, Katili AS, Lapolo N, Dangkua T. 2019. Short Communication: The composition of mangrove species in coastal area of Banggai District, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 840-846. The mangrove ecosystem possesses unique ecological functions. This research is one part of the activities to prepare reports on mangrove condition in Banggai District, Central Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. The objectives of this study were to explore the composition of mangrove species and mangrove zoning in coastal area of Banggai. The data were collected by survey method spread within 16 spots, with a total area of 7,387 hectares. The data were analyzed with descriptive qualitative methods. The results showed that there were 32 families of mangrove plants in Banggai, classified into 53 species, consisting of 25 true mangrove species and 28 associated mangrove species. An endangered species of mangrove was found, i.e., Scyphiphora hydrophyllacea. This endangered species was found only in Tingki-tingki Village and Uwedikan Village (Balean and Potean Island) of Banggai. The pattern of mangrove zoning within the research site follows the pattern of mangrove zoning commonly found all over Indonesia. The Rhizophoraceae family (Bruguiera gymnorhiza, Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora stylosa, Rhizophora lamarchii and Ceriops tagal) was found more often than the other families in study site. It means that the Rhizophoraceae family had wide distribution area within site.