The present study surveyed 954 employees and their supervisors to determine the relationship of empowerment with job satisfaction and performance in five different service sectors: hotels, food service, banking, call centers, and airlines. Psychological empowerment was positively correlated with both job satisfaction and performance. Although intrinsic motivation was associated with higher levels of empowerment and job satisfaction, contrary to hypothesis, intrinsic motivation did not moderate the relationship between empowerment and job satisfaction and performance. Men reported greater empowerment than women even when job level and performance were controlled for. Cross‐industry analyses indicated differences in empowerment across different types of service sectors with employees in call centers reporting less empowerment compared to employees in hotel, airlines, food establishments, and banks.

No abstract

In response to declining international arrivals, Southeast Asia focused its attention on developing and promoting domestic tourism. In recent years, changing travel patterns have emerged in the region as its people start to enjoy economic affluence and hence, domestic tourism has developed dramatically. In view of this emerging trend in the region, this paper examines the region's demography to discover the potential demand for domestic tourism and to identify the implications of the region's changing population with respect to domestic tourism planning, marketing and product development. Secondary data analysis is performed on population and tourism statistics. The decline of fertility and the consequent ageing of populations are the most significant demographic developments in the region and have profound implications on the social and economic life of each nation, as well as in domestic tourism marketing, planning and development. To determine the full potential for domestic tourism and to effectively plan, market and develop sustainable domestic tourism products, there is a need for the national tourism organizations to have a continuing research strategy with respect to demand for domestic tourism focusing on socio-demographic analysis, attitudes towards domestic tourism, and acceptability and affordability of domestic tourism products.

No abstract