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A series of La0.6Sr0.4MnO3 (LSM) perovskite was made using the rapid solution combustion method, which was calcined by varying the temperatures. In order to determine how the calcination temperature affected the nanopowders produced and calcined at various temperatures, their microstructural, morphological, compositional, optical, and electrical properties were analyzed using corresponding characterization tools. The XRD results showed the coexistence of the rhombohedral polymorphs R-3c and Pm-3m for the perovskite phase under a calcination temperature of 1400 °C, which were eliminated with increased calcination temperature. The average grain size was found to increase with increasing calcination temperature. The EDS analysis showed better agreement of the stoichiometry with the theoretical composition. The apparent porosity decreased with increasing temperature due to the coalescence of sintering pores. The sample obtained after calcination at 1500 °C showed 10.3% porosity. The hardness also improved with increasing calcination temperature and reached a maximum value of 0.4 GPa, which matched the bulk density. A similar trend was observed in the resistivity studies as a function of temperature, and all the samples exhibited a low resistivity of ~1.4 Ω·cm in the temperature range of 500–600 °C. The optical characterization showed broad absorption at 560–660 nm and bandwidth values between 3.70 and 3.95 eV, according to the applied heat treatment.