Background: Uric acid is the final product of the purine metabolism in humans. The two final reactions in its production which catalyze the conversion of hypoxanthine to xanthine and the latter to uric acid are catalyzed by the enzyme xanthine oxidoreductase. The role of uric acid in the progression of prediabetes to diabetes has been known. Serum uric acid has been shown to be associated with cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and chronic kidney disease. The present study was done to see the level of uric acid in preeclampsia and healthy pregnant controls, to relate serum uric acid results to the severity of hypertension and its relation to fetomaternal outcome in patients attending OPD at RMC Ajmer. Methods: 100 cases of preeclampsia of age group between 20-40 year and gestational age ≥28 weeks and 100 normal healthy women with similar gestational age and age group were included in the study and maternal serum uric acid was estimated in both groups. Results: Mean serum uric acid levels in preeclampsia was 7.65±081 mg/dl and 3.21±072 mg/dl in control group. Perinatal complication was more in case group, 74 % were preterm compared to 11% in control group. Mean birth weight in study group was 2.07 kg, of which 24% babies were VLBW 52% were LBW, and 24% babies had normal birth weight, in control group mean birth weight was 2.82 kg. The difference was found to be statistically significant (p value 0.001). In the study group, the MSUA concentration is found higher in LBW and VLBW babies compared to normal birth weight babies. Conclusions: There is a positive correlation between SUA & severity of preeclampsia, and a significant adverse fetal outcome is observed with raised MSUA in preeclamptic patients.

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Pain is a highly unpleasant sensory and emotional experience and postoperative pain control in children is a big challenge for their inability to express and react. In the past two decades, there has been a considerable progress in the understanding of children's perception of pain and responses to pain and various pharmacological agents and analgesic delivery to avoid under treatment of pain in children.

Purpose: Dosimetric analysis and effect of different definitions of prescription point “A” to OAR in high dose rate brachytherapy for cervical cancer. Methods and Materials: This retrospective comparative dosimetric study is based on the data of 25 patients with histologically proven cervical carcinoma treated with HDR (high-dose-rate) brachytherapy. Patients received 21 Gy in three fractions (7.0 Gy X three fractions) to point A (AMAN, revised Manchester definition). Further, the patients were replanned with the new point A (AABS) as per the American Brachytherapy Society/ICRU 89 which is defined on CT images. The data compiled was then compared with the data observed from point A (AMAN). Results: When AMAN normalization method was used, the mean dose to the bladder at 0.1cc, 1cc, 2cc and 5cc obtained was 1121.2±54.5, 1058.7±44.1, 875.0±38.6, 780.5±35.9, and 641.2±29.5 cGy respectively. Likewise, using the ICRU-89 point A (ABS) normalization method, the mean dose to 0.1 cc, 0.2 cc, 1 cc, 2 cc, and 5cc bladder volumes was 1178±156.1,1110.0±130.8, 921.6±111.4, 826.6±101.32, and 673.3±80.9 cGy, respectively. For the rectum, point A (MAN) normalization plans, the mean dose of 0.1 cc, 0.2 cc,1 cc, 2 cc, and 5cc rectum volumes was 680±143.5, 652.53±129.8,574.25±131.1, 530±126.9, and 452.5±121.2cGy, respectively. Likewise, using the A (ABS) plan, the mean dose of 0.1 cc, 0.2cc, 1 cc, 2 cc, and 5cc rectum volume was 707.5±148.1, 678.7±128.7, 596.2±135.6, 551.25±127.44 and 471.25±122.64 cGy respectively. The statistical mean difference of Total Reference Air Kerma rate, V100 (cc), bladder, and rectum, was found significant. Conclusion: The present study attempts to analyze the differences in rectum and bladder dose, as well as the size of the volume enclosed for prescribed Isodose curve following ICRU 38 and ABS-ICRU 89 recommendations about intracavitary cervix cancer treated with brachytherapy. With Manchester system being more static, i.e., lesser variation with geometric changes, it is preferable in comparison to ABS system.

BACKGROUND: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is an increasingly recognized condition that may progress to end-stage liver disease. These patients are at higher risk of developing cirrhosis, terminal liverfailure and hepatocellular carcinoma. OBJECTIVES: To study the presence of NASH in high risk group of patients and their correlation with NASH. METHODS: 200 high risk non-alcoholic patients were selected from indoor patients and out patient department of Medicine, Guru Nanak Dev Hospital attached to Government Medical College, Amritsar during the year 2011-12. A diagnosis of NASH was made on the basis of symptoms and signs, supplemented with analysis of liver enzymes, ultrasonography abdomen. Liver biopsy was not done because all patients refused to give consent for it. Fatty liver on USG with raised AST and ALT were labelled as having NASH. FBS and lipid profile estimation, hepatitis B surface antigen and antibodies to hepatitis C virus were done in all of them. RESULTS: The prevalence of NASH was found to be 22% (44 out of 200 patients) by ultrasonography with raised AST and ALT levels. It was significantly higher in patients with diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, central obesity, hypertension, females and in age group 46 - 60 years with their additive effect to each other. CONCLUSION: The present study identifies the people at higher risk of developing NASH and offer future perspective to develop preventive strategy in them. JMS 2012;15(2):157-61