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Note to the reader This report provides a comprehensive overview of the epidemiology of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in Canada. The specifi c objectives of this report are as follows: 1. Provide an overview of the estimated prevalence, reported rates and trends in HCV seropositivity in the general Canadian population and other key Canadian populations; Hepatitis C In Canada: 2005-2010 Surveillance Report III Acknowledgements All provinces and territories have been active participants in the compilation of this report and their insights have been instrumental to its publication. We also gratefully acknowledge the Principal Investigators and study teams involved in the "Track" surveillance systems, the Enhanced Street Youth Surveillance and the Enhanced Hepatitis Strain Surveillance System for providing the expertise necessary to develop and implement national enhanced surveillance programs. Their ongoing contribution to national hepatitis surveillance is gratefully acknowledged. We would also like to thank Dr. Robert Remis for his work on modelling the incidence and prevalence of HCV infection in Canada. Finally, we acknowledge Ms. Jane Wilson for writing the chapter on determinants of health and Mr. Waylon Dean for editing this report.