Maxillofacial trauma is any physical injury to the facial bones. Facial bones are frequently fractured bones in RTA, Assault, Domestic violence etc. Facial trauma includes Maxillary fractures, Mandibular fractures, Orbital Fractures, Nasal Bone Fractures, soft tissue injury such as lacerations, bruises etc. Over the years, there are many refinements in the management of maxillofacial trauma. The incidence of maxillofacial trauma is more in males because they are involved in more physical activities and assault compared to women. In Older times for facial bone fractures, surgeons performed maxillomandibular fixation using wire osteosynthesis for minimum three weeks to 6 weeks, and mouth opening was difficult, poor oral hygiene leading to periodontal problems, difficulty in speech and masticatory functions. The management of maxillofacial trauma includes the use of Maxillomandibular fixation using wire osteosynthesis, conventional mini plates and 3-D plates. For the management of facial bone fractures, Maxillofacial surgeons perform open reduction and internal fixation(ORIF) whenever needed. In the case of ORIF, Surgeons use mini plates either 3D or Conventional Plates for stabilising the fractured segments. This technique requires skill and experience and is also expensive. The advantages of this method are improved quality of life. The objective of this review is to compare 3-Dimensional plates and Conventional Plates in Maxillofacial trauma.

The aim of this study was to identify the incidence of different patterns of temporomandibular joint ankylosis in the south Indian population. Case records of a total of 86000 patients between June 2019 and March 2020 were collected and analyzed from patient records, out of which a total of 7 cases of mandibular temporomandibular joint ankylosis cases who had undergone treatment for the same were identified and included in the present study. All these were checked retrospectively for pattern/type of ankylosis by using the radiographs with Sawhney's classification. Results show that there's a significant male predilection of about 85.7% and shows more unilateral ankylosis cases of about 57.1%. Based on Sawhney's classification it shows 14.3% of type -1 cases, 42.9% of type -2 cases, 28.6% of type -3 cases and 14.3% of type -4 cases. Within the limitations of this study, it showed that there was a male predilection, unilateral ankylosis cases were common, and among all ankylosis cases Sawhney's type 2 temporomandibular ankylosis cases were high in number.

Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of tenoxicam compared to diclofenac sodium in controlling postoperative pain after third molar surgery. Materials and Methods: 36 patients with mean age 30 were selected randomly and placed them in two groups A and B, under group A there are 18 patients and in group B 18 patients were placed, group a is given with tenoxicam 30 mg and for  group b diclofenac sodium 50 mg. Results: Group A experienced significantly less pain than those patients in group b. at 24 hr on the day of surgery, average pain scores of patients in both treatment groups did not differ significantly. On the evening of the third day postoperatively, the group a (tenoxicam) patients experienced significantly less pain than those in group b (diclofenac sodium). Discussion: It is generally accepted that pain following third molar surgery reaches moderate to severe intensity within the first 5 hr after surgery. Pain control in this period is thus of vital importance to the oral surgeon. NSAIDs have shown considerable analgesic activity for the relief of pain after surgery. Prostaglandin concentrations do not peak until 4 hr after surgical trauma. tenoxicam has been shown in our study to produce significant analgesia when compared to diclofenac sodium, especially at 3 to 4 hr postoperatively, the period when there is maximum prostaglandin formation in the tissue. Conclusion: Tenoxicam as administered in the present study was significantly more efficacious than diclofenac sodium and useful for pain control in these cases.

Effective management of an emergency in the dental office is ultimately the dentist’s responsibility. The lack of training and inability to cope with medical emergencies can lead to tragic consequences and sometimes legal action. Around 126 responses were collected from different dental professionals including graduates and clinicians through questionnaire surveys regarding emergency medications and their usage. The extent of treatment by the dentist requires preparation, prevention, and then management, as necessary. Prevention is accomplished by conducting a thorough medical history with appropriate alterations to dental treatment as required. The most important aspect of nearly all medical emergencies in the dental office is to prevent, or correct, insufficient oxygenation of the brain and heart. For which the dental professionals should be with a thorough understanding of the medical emergencies. Life-threatening emergencies can occur anytime, anywhere, and to anyone. Such situations are somewhat more likely to occur within the confines of the dental office due to the increased level of stress which is so often present. Awareness of emergency drug use among dental professionals needs to be improved and updated.