Ultrathin nanosheet-assembled cobalt molybdate (CoMoO4) with a mesoporous morphology was synthesized by a urea-assisted solution combustion route at a temperature of 400 °C.

Electrochemical synthesis of polyaniline deposited on a graphite electrode using ptoluenesulfonic acid has been carried out via potentiodynamic method. The feasibility to store energy in polyaniline has been demonstrated in 1 M Na 2 SO 4 electrolyte using cyclic voltammetry and charge-discharge analyses. The obtained low capacitance (247 mF cm -2 ) for polyaniline limits its practical application. Thereon, as an alternative approach, aniline is polymerized in the presence of novel non-ionic surfactant (Quillaja Saponin) and found a marginal increase in capacitance to 342 mF cm -2 . Adsorption of surfactant on aniline resulted in a profound effect on electrochemical behaviour. To further enhance the capacitance, innovatively, polyaniline is cross-linked with nickel molybdate (NiMoO 4 ) using chitosan as biopolymer. The cross-linked NiMoO 4 showed an improved areal specific capacitance of 1250 mF cm -2 and 85% of its initial capacitance is retained after 2000 cycles. The morphology of the cross-linked NiMoO 4 deduced through field emission scanning and transmission electron microscopes showed the formation of nanofibre like dendrite having porous network. The intra molecular interactions that facilitate the electron transfer path with more active sites for nucleation are attributed to higher capacitance. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements ascertain the presence of NiMoO 4 in the aniline composite after electropolymerization process. Overall, the role of surfactant exhibited the surface functionality whereas biopolymer tuned the redox reactions of NiMoO 4 electrode.An effective cross-linking strategy for grafting polyaniline with a nanomaterial such as nickel molybdate provides long term cyclability in the fabricated energy storage device.

An effective cross-linking strategy for grafting a polymer onto CoMoO4 suits longevity for the fabricated hybrid energy storage device in aqueous solutions.

Transition metal oxide aerogels are a fascinating class of compounds that have received considerable attention in the last decade owing to their unique and exceptional properties, including high porosity, large surface area, and ultralow density. In this study, α-Ni(OH)2 aerogels and annealed NiO/Ni aerogels were used to design and fabricate a two-electrode supercapacitor device. The physicochemical properties of the as-synthesized aerogels were characterized through X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller theory, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies. The annealed NiO/Ni aerogels showed a (specific capacitance of 1060 F/g) specific capacity of 422 C/g at 1 A/g current density and with good cycling stability (up to 10,000 cycles). The supercapacitor also demonstrated an energy density of 32.4 Wh/kg and power density of 1800 W/kg at a current density of 2 A/g. The specific capacitance of NiO/Ni aerogels was more than twice that of the α-Ni(OH)2 aerogels. The practical applications of the aerogel were demonstrated by fabricating a two-electrode device.

A novel electrochemical sensor for anesthetics employing the polymerization of Thiophene onto glassy carbon electrodes is demonstrated. The polymer was characterized by electrochemical and morphological characterizations using cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. This polythiophene modified electrode was employed for sensing anesthetics and a lowest detection limit of 35 nM, 50 nM and 20 nM were obtained for Procaine, Benzocaine and Procainamide respectively. The interference studies showed the selectivity of this electrode in the presence of common interfering agents. The Dopaminergic effect of Procaine is studied by varying concentrations of dopamine and a thorough study established the profound effect.