Bisphenol A, a well-known endocrine-disrupting chemical, has been replaced with its analogs bisphenol S (BPS) and bisphenol F (BPF) over the last decade due to health concerns. BPS and BPF are present in relatively high concentrations in different products, such as food products, personal care products, and sales receipts. Both BPS and BPF have similar structural and chemical properties to BPA; therefore, considerable scientific efforts have investigated the safety of their exposure. In this review, we summarize the findings of relevant epidemiological studies investigating the association between urinary concentrations of BPS and/or BPF with the incidence of obesity or diabetes. The results showed that BPS and BPF were detected in many urinary samples at median concentrations ranging from 0.03 to 0.4 µg·L−1. At this exposure level, BPS median urinary concentrations (0.4 µg·L−1) were associated with the development of obesity. At a lower exposure level (0.1–0.03 µg·L−1), two studies showed an association with developing diabetes. For BPF exposure, only one study showed an association with obesity. However, most of the reported studies only assessed BPS exposure levels. Furthermore, we also summarize the findings of experimental studies in vivo and in vitro regarding our aim; results support the possible obesogenic effects/metabolic disorders mediated by BPS and/or BPF exposure. Unexpectedly, BPS may promote worse obesogenic effects than BPA. In addition, the possible mode of action underlying the obesogenic effects of BPS might be attributed to various pathophysiological mechanisms, including estrogenic or androgenic activities, alterations in the gene expression of critical adipogenesis-related markers, and induction of oxidative stress and an inflammatory state. Furthermore, susceptibility to the adverse effects of BPS may be altered by sex differences according to the results of both epidemiological and experimental studies. However, the possible mode of action underlying these sex differences is still unclear. In conclusion, exposure to BPS or BPF may promote the development of obesity and diabetes. Future approaches are highly needed to assess the safety of BPS and BPF regarding their potential effects in promoting metabolic disturbances. Other studies in different populations and settings are highly suggested.

High levels of lipids and cholesterol, particularly LDL, in blood are considered the most common risk factors for cardiovascular diseases that threaten human life. Recently, interest has increased in the use of medicinal plants to treat various diseases due to their lack of side effects. The current study aims to investigate the effect of Ajwa date (AD) and germinated barley (GB) on the lipid profile in rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Thirty rats were distributed into five groups (six per group) as follows: the negative control group, the positive control group fed a HFD, and the other three groups that were fed a HFD supplemented with a mixture of AD and GB in equal ratios with different proportions of 20, 30, and 40% in the diet. There was an increase in moisture, protein, phenols, and vitamin C content and a decrease in the content of ash, carbohydrates, fats, and beta-glucans in GB. Blood total cholesterol levels decreased significantly (83.53, 70.12, and 73.55 mg/dL) in the groups fed the AD and GB mixtures in different percentages (20, 30, and 40%). Likewise, the AD and GB mixtures recorded a significant decrease in the level of triglycerides in the treated groups, with no significant effect on the high-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein. There was a significant improvement in the level of alanine aminotransferase, while the level of aspartate aminotransferase was not affected by the treatment. In summary, AD and GB mixtures can modulate the lipid profile alterations caused by HFD through their phytochemical constituents, particularly beta-glucans.