Background. Psychological burden is well documented among medical physicians worldwide.Objectives. This study aims to assess the prevalence of psychological distress and perceived quality of care among pediatricians in the western region of Saudi Arabia. Material and methods. A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used to collect data from 251 pediatricians in the western region of Saudi Arabia. The data was collected using a self-reported questionnaire using the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory to measure burnout and DASS-21 to measure depression, anxiety and stress. In addition, self-perceived care was measured using two validated questions. Results. Pediatricians had high levels of psychological distress, including burnout (80.5%), depression (66.5%), anxiety (71.3%) and stress (55%). 21.6%, 41.1%, and 16.7% of pediatricians were classified with severe or extremely severe depression, anxiety or stress, respectively. Female, junior and younger pediatricians had higher levels of burnout, depression, anxiety and stress. A total of 45.8% to 48.6% of pediatricians believed that adverse work conditions and workloads always or often lead to lost days of work and reduced work quality. Conclusions. Pediatricians in Saudi Arabia have high levels of psychological distress, with the most affected subgroups being female, junior and young pediatricians. Hospitals should provide psychological support to improve the psychological well-being of pediatricians.