Identification of adverse events after vaccination increases awareness of vaccine-associated complications, leading to early diagnosis and treatment. Evidence remains scarce on the association between the BNT162b2 messenger RNA (mRNA) COVID-19 vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech) and sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL).OBJECTIVE To assess the association between the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine and SSNHL.

The high admission rates for infants of >or=95th percentile and the high incidence rates of respiratory morbidity, snoring, and delayed gross motor skills in overweight infants support our hypothesis regarding early morbidity associated with overweight.

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Background Reproductive factors have been shown to be differentially associated with risk of estrogen receptor (ER) positive and ER-negative breast cancer. However, their associations with intrinsic-like subtypes are less clear. Methods Analyses included up to 23,353 cases, and 71,072 controls pooled from 31 population-based case-control or cohort studies in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium across 16 countries on 4 continents. Polytomous logistic regression was used to estimate the association between reproductive factors and risk of breast cancer by intrinsic-like subtypes (luminal A-like, luminal B-like, luminal B-HER2-like, HER2-enriched-like, and triple-negative) and by invasiveness. All statistical tests were 2-sided. Results Compared to nulliparous women, parous women had a lower risk of luminal A-like, luminal B-like, luminal B-HER2-like and HER2-enriched-like disease. This association was apparent only after approximately 10 years since last birth and became stronger with increasing time (odds ratio [OR] = 0.59, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.49 to 0.71; and OR = 0.36, 95% CI = 0.28 to 0.46; for multiparous women with luminal A-like tumors 20-<25 years after last birth and 45-<50 years after last birth, respectively). In contrast, parous women had a higher risk of triple-negative breast cancer right after their last birth (for multiparous women: OR = 3.12, 95%CI = 2.02 to 4.83) that was attenuated with time but persisted for decades (OR = 1.03, 95%CI = 0.79 to 1.34, for multiparous women 25 to < 30 years after last birth). Older age at first birth (P-heterogeneity<.001 for triple-negative compared to luminal-A like) and breastfeeding (P-heterogeneity<.001 for triple-negative compared to luminal-A like) were associated with lower risk of triple-negative but not with other disease subtypes. Younger age at menarche was associated with higher risk of all subtypes; older age at menopause was associated with higher risk of luminal A-like but not triple-negative breast cancer. Associations for in situ tumors were similar to luminal A-like. Conclusion This large and comprehensive study demonstrates a distinct reproductive risk factor profile for triple-negative breast cancer compared to other subtypes, with implications for the understanding of disease etiology and risk prediction.

Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is an emergency otologic condition with unknown pathophysiology that is mainly idiopathic. However, a viral cause was reported in temporal bone studies. 1 Several reports have suggested that there is an increased risk of SSNHL after COVID-19. 2 We aimed to compare the incidence of SSNHL during the COVID-19 pandemic with the incidence during 2018 and 2019 and to assess the association of lockdowns with incidence of SSNHL.Methods | Using data from the Clalit Health Services (CHS), the largest health care provider in Israel (serving approximately 4.7 million people), we performed a retrospective cohort study with a nonconcurrent historic comparative group of individuals aged 16 years or older. The diagnosis of SSNHL was based on International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes in conjunction with a purchase of prednisone within 30 days after diagnosis. Observed cases of SSNHL documented from the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic (March 1, 2020) to the introduction of the BNT162b2 messenger RNA COVID-19 vaccine (BioNTech/Pfizer) in Israel (December 19, 2020) were compared with the expected cases of SSNHL, estimated based on the experience of the CHS population in 2018 and 2019 during the same period. The study was approved by the institutional review board of the Lady Davis Carmel Medical Centre. Data were deidentified and owing to the retrospective nature