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This article analyses how language laws favouring French improved the vitality of the Francophone majority relative to the declining Anglophone minority of Quebec. Part one provides a review of Canadian Government efforts to provide federal bilingual services to Francophones and Anglophones across Canada. Using the ethnolinguistic vitality framework, part two reviews key language policies adopted in Quebec designed to increase the status of French relative to English in the province, while part 3 assesses the impact of such laws on the demographic vitality of Francophones and Anglophones. Part 4 analyse how such laws succeeded in reducing the institutional vitality of the Anglophone minority especially their English schools. Pro-French laws did succeed in having 95 % of the Quebec population maintain knowledge of French, keeping 82 % of all its citizens as users of French at home, ensured that 90 % of Francophone employees used French at work, increased to 70 % French/English bilingualism amongst Anglophones and reduced the size of their English school system by 60 %. Nationalist discourse highlights threats to French, given that Quebec Francophones remain a linguistic minority in North America. Can Francophones accept a ‘paradigm shift’ by reframing their position from a

Cette étude porte sur les orientations d’acculturation des Québécois francophones à l’égard des immigrants italiens « valorisés » et des immigrants mafieux « dévalorisés ». Un groupe d’étudiants québécois francophones (N = 217) a complété l’Échelle d’Acculturation de la Communauté d’Accueil (ÉACA) envers ces deux groupes cibles. Les résultats ont démontré que les répondants endossaient l’intégrationnisme, l’intégrationnisme de transformation, l’individualisme et le ségrégationnisme davantage envers les Italiens qu’envers les mafieux. En revanche, ils endossaient davantage l’assimilationnisme et l’exclusionnisme envers les mafieux qu’envers les Italiens, soutenant ainsi l’hypothèse que les Québécois francophones distinguent bien les Italiens « valorisés » des Italiens mafieux « dévalorisés » plutôt que de faire l’amalgame de ces deux groupes.

Using the acculturation and ethnolinguistic vitality frameworks, this study examined economic prospects and linguistic tensions as factors accounting for willingness to stay in Quebec or leave to the rest of Canada. Questionnaires were completed by Quebec Francophone (QF; n = 234) and Quebec Anglophone (QA; n = 205) undergraduates attending French-and English-medium universities in Montreal, respectively. Results showed that, compared with QFs, QA minority students were more willing to leave Quebec. For QFs, willingness to move to the rest of Canada was predicted mainly by pull factors including better economic prospects and joining a partner. Though QFs and QAs identified similar pull factors, the following push factors were more important for QAs: avoiding linguistic tensions, being victim of collective discrimination, perceiving English-French relations as zero-sum, and endorsing the separation acculturation orientation. Results show the importance of linguistic tensions as a factor predicting QAs' willingness to leave their province of origin.

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