The time has gone by when any one person could hope to write an adequate textbook of psychology. The science has now so many branches, so many methods, so many fields of application, and such an immense mass of data of observation is now on record, that no one person can hope to have the necessary familiarity with the whole.-An author of an introductory psychology textIf we compare general psychology textbooks of today with those of from ten to twenty years ago we note an undeniable trend toward amelio-We are indebted to several people who provided helpful information in responding to our survey discussed in the second half of the chapter, including Solomon Diamond for calling attention to

Inflammatory molecules have been implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, and multiple sclerosis. Resveratrol is an anti-fungal compound found in the skins of red grapes and other fruits and nuts. We examined the ability of resveratrol to inhibit lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced production of inflammatory molecules from primary mouse astrocytes. Resveratrol inhibited LPS-induced production of nitric oxide (NO); the cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 1-beta (IL-1β), and IL-6; and the chemokine monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), which play critical roles in innate immunity, by astrocytes. Resveratrol also suppressed astrocyte production of IL-12p40 and IL-23, which are known to alter the phenotype of T cells involved in adaptive immunity. Finally resveratrol inhibited astrocyte production of C-reactive protein (CRP), which plays a role in a variety of chronic inflammatory disorders. Collectively, these studies suggest that resveratrol may be an effective therapeutic agent in neurodegenerative diseases initiated or maintained by inflammatory processes.

Emprin State U~litt?rsity Founded in 1945. Division Two of the American Prychologicd Association (Division on the Teaching of Psychology) hac s m p gled frrr existence, a71 identity, and memkrship. As Division Two moves into its second 50 years, it conrinues to strufiqle with many of these issues. This article briefly recounts the 50-year h i s t~ of I1ii~'ision TPVO.T h e Altierican Psychological Association (APA) hegan its divisional age in 1945. The cornerstone of the reconstituted APA was an urganizarional structure designed to permit increased artention to the discipline's specialties and special interests (Doll. 1946; D. Wolfle. 1946). There were 19 original divisions, of which 18 still exist. One of our intenrions is to tell thc story of how one of the original divisions. Division Two, developer1 a sense of identity. Farlv DevelopmentFollowing a complicated and obscure proceqs of surveying and halluting. APA's memhership approved Division Two.On occasion, onc hears colleagues puzzle over the numbering of APA's divisinns. As we noted previowlv (Wight & [).ivis. 1991). the rearrangement of divisions from alpha order to the hylaws order, fonliing the foundational pattern still used t d a y , appe;lrs also to have hecn a mystery to psychologists activc in rlie APA during the 1945 reorganization. E. R. 1-lilg;rrd (pmonal communication, lune 5, 1991) recalled that the first and sec(md divisions (General and Teaching, respectively) wcre given their numbers during the reordering hecause thcy (a) were. in descending order, the le;~st specialized of the divisions and (h) could include indi\.lduals who did not easily fit inro more specialized divisions.Once the by laws changes were approved and the divisional structure wzc in place, APA tunicd itsattention t~ory~lnizing 'This is a condenseil and ndnpred vcnlon of "Division in Scard, ofSeli: .4 H~stc,ry ofAPA L)iv~sion 2, the Division oltheTeaclung ol R"d>ologyn lhy R. D. Wight and 5. F. Davls. 1092, in A. E. Fucnte. 1. R. Matthews. ;md C. L Brewer (Eds.). Teaching Psychnlofi?. in Amrrico: A Hiswry (pp. 365-384). Wash~ngton. l X : Americ:m Psychol~~ical Asu~iation.

No abstract

In 1945, the postwar world was shaped at Yalta, the nuclear age began over the skies of Hiroshima, and the American Psychological Association (APA) inaugurated its divisional age with a reorganization plan shaped in the goodwill emerging from the discipline's contribution to World War 11.The cornerstone of the reconstituted APA was a divisional structure designed to permit increased attention to the discipline's specialties and special interests (Doll, 1946;D. Wolfle, 1946a). There were 19 original divisions. of that original number, 18 still exist today. Our intent in this chapter is to tell the story of how one of the original divisions developed a sense of identity: Division 2, the Division on the Teaching of Psychology. This story is somewhat idiosyncratic because we narrate the tale, when possible, through the perspectives of the Division's officers and publications. Never-We thank Kimberly A. McCarty and Randolph A. Smith for their helpful comments on this chapter.