ResumoEsta pesquisa avaliou a concentração de metais nas águas do rio Doce por metais pesados após o rompimento da barragem do Fundão, distrito de Bento Rodrigues, em Mariana, Minas Gerais. Amostras de água foram coletadas numa nascente a montante do local do rompimento (P1), a montante de um dique de contenção da lama despejada (P2) e a jusante do dique de contenção (P3), sendo caracterizadas quanto aos teores de chumbo (Pb), arsênio (As), níquel (Ni), cobre (Cu), alumínio (Al) e manganês (Mn) por espectrofotometria. As maiores concentrações dos metais foram observadas para o ponto P2, nas seguintes concentrações (em mg L -1 ): Pb (0,097); As (0,911); Ni (1,078); Cu (1,115); Al (9,432) e Mn (1,638), sendo a concentração de cobre, nesse ponto, 86 vezes maior que o valor máximo permitido (VMP) pela legislação brasileira, para Classe III de qualidade das águas. No ponto P1, as concentrações de Ni (0,051 mg L -1 ), Cu (0,062 mg L -1 ) e Al (0,465 mg L -1 ) apresentaram-se 2,0; 4,8 e 2,3 vezes maiores que os VMP's, respectivamente, podendo-se relacionar esses resultados à natureza mineralógica da área. As elevadas concentrações desses metais na água do rio podem estar provavelmente relacionadas ao desastre ambiental de Mariana, Minas Gerais, com rejeitos de minas. Ações de políticas ambientais e de recuperação da área são essenciais para o reequilíbrio das características químicas desse ecossistema aquático. Palavras-chave:Heavy metals, Mining, Water quality, Waste. Concentration of metals in the Doce river in Mariana, Minas Gerais, Brazil AbstractThis research evaluated the concentrations of metals of Doce River water after the rupture of Fundão Dam, located at Bento Rodrigues District, in Mariana City, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Water samples were collected at a source upstream of the rupture site (P1), upstream of a containment embankment of the dumped sludge (P2) and downstream of the containment embankment (P3). Concentrations of lead (Pb), arsenic (As), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), aluminum (Al) and manganese (Mn) in the samples were determined by spectrophotometry. The highest concentrations were observed at point P2, the concentrations found were (em mg L -1 ): Pb (0,097); As (0,911) 1 ; Ni (1,078); Cu (1,115); Al (9,432) e Mn (1,638), and copper concentration, at this point, was 86 times higher than the maximum permissible value (MPV) by Brazilian legislation, for Class III water quality . At point P1, concentrations of Ni (0.051 mg L -1 ), Cu (0.062 mg L -1 ) and Al (0.465 mg L -1 ) were 2.0; 4.8 and 2.3 times greater than MPVs, respectively, and these results can be related to the local mineralogy. The high concentrations of these metals in river water are related to the environmental disaster of Mariana, Minas Gerais, with mine tailings. Environmental policy actions and area recovery are essential for rebalancing the chemical characteristics of this aquatic ecosystem.
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