SEAWEED: NATURAL ANTIOXIDANT FREE RADICAL ANTIDOTE. Free radicals are the result of various complex chemical processes in the body, in form of oxidation process, cell metabolism, UV irradiation, environmental pollution such as cigarette smoke, and other pollutants. The effects of free radicals can be prevented by addition of antioxidants endogenously from outside the body. Seaweed is one source of natural antioxidants that is safe for the body. Seaweed contains bioactive compounds that are able to prevent free radicals such as carotenoids, phenols, vitamins and minerals.
Rumput laut jenis Kappaphycus alvarezii merupakan jenis rumput laut yang dibudidayakan di Maluku Tenggara. Rumput laut jenis ini merupakan rumput laut penghasil karaginan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas karaginan dari rumput laut K. alvarezii yang dibudidayakan di tiga lokasi di Maluku Tenggara, yaitu Letman, Letvuan dan Revav. Kualitas karaginan yang diamati antara lain rendemen, kadar air, kadar abu, viskositas, gel strength, dan derajat putih. Rumput laut diekstrak dengan metode perlakuan alkali dengan larutan NaOH 9%. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis dengan program statistik IBM SPSS Statistics 24 untuk mengetahui perbedaan kualitas karaginan dari tiga lokasi tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas karaginan dari tiga lokasi berbeda nyata (<0,05) untuk semua parameter. Karaginan dari rumput laut Letvuan memiliki nilai rendemen dan gel strength terbaik dibandingkan rumput laut Letman dan Revav, yaitu 43,25% untuk rendemen dan 207,50 g/cm2 untuk gel strength. Karaginan dari rumput laut Revav memiliki nilai viskositas terbaik yaitu sebesar 54,39 cP. Karaginan dari rumput laut Letman memiliki kenampakan terbaik dibandingkan dengan Letvuan dan Revav dengan nilai derajat putih sebesar 68,22%. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian, maka hanya karaginan dari lokasi Revav yang memenuhi standar kualitas FAO.
ABSTRAKJenis pengemas biodegradable saat ini sangat diperlukan untuk mengurangi penggunaan plastik sintetik, di antaranya dengan pengembangan pengemas edible film yang lebih ramah lingkungan. Karagenan dan kitosan merupakan polimer alam yang berpotensi menjadi bahan dasar dalam pembuatan edible film. Penelitian pembuatan edible film berbahan dasar karagenan dan kitosan dengan metode layer-by-layer telah dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi karagenan dan kitosan yang berbeda terhadap kualitas edible film yang dihasilkan. Karakterisasi film yang dilakukan meliputi uji kuat tarik, elongasi, kelarutan, water vapour permeability (W VP) dan morfologi permukaan. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah faktorial 2 faktor dengan variasi karagenan (1,0%, 1,5%, 2,0%, 2,5%) dan variasi kitosan (0,5%, 1,0%, 1,5%, 2,0%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa setiap kombinasi konsentrasi karagenan dan kitosan menghasilkan nilai yang berbeda-beda. Kenaikan konsentrasi karagenan dan kitosan tidak selalu berbanding lurus terhadap kenaikan nilai kuat tarik, elongasi, kelarutan, WVP dan morfologi permukaan edible film. Secara umum, dari seluruh perlakuan yang ada dapat disimpulkan bahwa kombinasi karagenan 2,5% dan kitosan 1,0% adalah formulasi terbaik. KATA KUNCI : biodegradable, edible film, karagenan, kitosan ABSTRACTBiodegradable packaging development particularly for maintaining the quality and shelf life of food products is necessarily needed. Carrageenan and chitosan are natural polymers that are potential for raw materials of biodegradable films production. Research on the making of carrageenan and chitosan-based films has been carried out using layer-by-layer method. This study aimed to determine the effects of various concentrations of carrageenan and chitosan on the quality of edible films. The parameter observed were tensile strength, elongation at break, solubility, water vapor permeability (WVP) and surface morphology. The experimental design used were variations of carrageenan concentrations i.e 1,0%, 1.5%, 2,0%, 2.5% and chitosan i.e. 0.5%, 1,0%, 1.5%, 2,0%. The results showed that each combination of carrageenan and chitosan concentrations produced different film characteristic values. The increasing of carrageenan and chitosan concentrations was not linearly affected all the parameters including the tensile strength, elongation at break, solubility, WVP and surface morphology. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that the combination of 2.5% carrageenan and 1,0% chitosan was the best formulation.
<strong>Community of Macroalgae in Tayando-Tam Waters, Southeast Maluku.</strong> Macroalgae is one of the most important economically valuable resources to be developed for food and medicine. This study aims to determine the structure of macroalgae communities by examining the diversity, density, dominance and environmental conditions of its waters. The research was conducted in Tayando-Tam waters, Southeast Moluccas at five stations in September 2015. The study was conducted by transect along 200 meters from the coast to the open shore, observation stations in 50x50 cm quadrant size. The macroalgae community in Tayando-Tam waters is generally in good condition although there is one station that has a moderate dominance value due to a current limiting factor. The macroalgae obtained in five stations are 37 species, dominated by Acanthophora muscoides species, Hypnea spinella, and Halimeda opuntia. Water conditions are still in the optimal range for macroalgae growth.
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