In this study two alkylphenolethoxylates with different ethoxylation degree c.a. EO 9 (Lanasan LT as NPE-1) and EO 40 (Disponil AA P43 as NPE-2) were selected with the purpose to evaluate the influence of hydrophobicity of nonionic surfactants on wool dyeing efficiency. Anionic C.I. Acid Orange 7 dye was used to carry out an experiment in dyeing of wool fibre at 30 °C or 60 °C temperature using wool fabric which was prepared for dyeing by extraction of the lipid materials soluble in chloroform and methanol mixture. The surfactant with a shorter hydrophilic chain (NPE-1) intensified the adsorption of the dye. This fact allowed to presume that the dye diffusion into wool fibre might be influenced by hydrophobic interaction between the surfactant and hydrophobic sites of wool fibre. The results of surfactants adsorption showed that the interaction of NPE-2 with the fibre was weak as compared to that of NPE-1. The results of the investigation suggest that the ethoxylated nonylphenol of a lower hydrophility index might interact with the active sites of wool fibre more intensively than that of a higher index of hydrophility.

http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ms.17.3.596

Plated jersey knits of different composition were knitted and stabilised under hydrothermal conditions of 85 °C for 10, 20 or 30 min in steam ambience. The influence of stabilisation duration on knit structure was estimated as well as change of mechanical properties of the yarns. The obtained data show that 10 min of stabilisation influenced markedly the structure of plated jersey knits comparing with the same effect of 20 min and 30 min. The results of specific breaking force of polyester, cotton and wool yarns show decrease in their strength due to knitting and hydrothermal stabilisation processes.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ms.18.4.3096

Antimicrobial finishing is increasingly used for various purposes in textile products. Therefore, it is important to determine whether the antimicrobial finish changes comfort properties (air permeability, water absorption, etc.) of knits. The objective of this research was to establish the influence of antimicrobial treatment conditions on air permeability and water absorption properties of plain plated knits. The investigations were carried out with three groups of single plain plated knits. The ground and plating yarns of I group of knits is pure fiber cotton, man-made bamboo, polyester. The ground yarns of II and III groups of knits are accordingly polyamide and elastane threads. The plating yarns in mentioned groups are the same as in I group -cotton, man-made bamboo, polyester yarns. Part of the knits of all groups were treated in an antimicrobial solution of iSys AG and organic-inorganic binder iSys MTX (CHT, Germany) as well as the other part of the knits were treated in the same conditions as treated in antimicrobial solution, however, an antimicrobial material and binder were not used. It was established that air permeability of investigated knits changed insignificant by regardless of whether reagents providing an antimicrobial effect were used or not used in finishing process. This means that the chemical substance used for antimicrobial finishing do not worsens an air permeability of knits. Meanwhile, the water absorption of antimicrobial treated knits was significantly (44 % ÷ 91 %, according to fiber composition of investigated knits) lower than of blank treated knits because the organic-inorganic binder, used in antimicrobial treatment, forms the sol-gel layer on the surface of fiber.

Textile materials are usually exposed to thermal, physical and mechanical effects during treatment processes. These influence the changes of material dimensions. Designing knitted products it is important to predict direction and rate of dimensions change, because this can affect physical properties such as air permeability of knits. The objective of this research was to investigate the influence of antimicrobial treatment conditions on the structure characteristics, thickness and air permeability of plain and plaited knits. The investigations were carried out with two groups of plain and plated single jersey knits. The face yarns of these groups were cotton, bamboo viscose yarn and polyester (Dacron®) thread. 10 tex × 2 textured polyamide (PA) and 20 tex textured polyester (PES) threads were used as the base threads in plated knits. Knitted samples were treated with antimicrobial material Isys AG and organicinorganic binder Isys MTX (CHT, Germany). It was established that blank and antimicrobial treated knits changed structure parameters, thickness and air permeability. The changes of structure parameters, thickness and air permeability were more associated with conditions of treatment (temperature, treatment in solution, mechanical action) rather than with antimicrobial and sol-gel substances used in treatment.

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