Modern dentistry is directed toward overcoming dental caries progression in the early stages with the aid of remineralizing agents. Long-established remineralizing agents have very slow kinetics to be applicable, and the need for an external cofactor is a must. In the present work, the authors improved the kinetics of dentin/enamel remineralization by magnetic field exposure whereby calcium (Ca2+) and phosphate (PO4 3−) elements are supplied from an external source. Gels made of casein phosphopeptide–amorphous calcium phosphate mixed with nanochitosan were used as an external source and combined with exposure of the tooth surface to a magnetic field of 1.8 mT for 20 min. The treated tooth samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Vickers microhardness test and X-ray diffraction. The obtained tooth characteristics confirmed the improvement of tooth surface integrity, mineralization, hardness and crystallinity under the application of the magnetic field. Unexpectedly, the results indicated the highest tooth surface remineralization for samples exposed to magnetic fields and treated with casein phosphopeptide–amorphous calcium phosphate gel only without nanochitosan. In conclusion, the resulting advantages here are the ease of use, safety and applicability of this novel combination of casein phosphopeptide–amorphous calcium phosphate gel with magnetic field exposure.

One of the major challenges in teeth re-mineralization is the slow rate of mineralization. In this paper, we developed electric field-aided mineralization system for rapidly regenerating teeth-like structure rapidly. The efficacy of application of electric field combined with Nano-chitosan gel, casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate gel and their mixture was investigated as re-mineralizing accelerator for artificially demineralized teeth. Teeth samples have been demineralized by using ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and subsequently subjected to each gel alone and combined with electric field (20 mA- 5 min). The structural analyses of teeth samples were examined by using scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction patterns and its hardness was obtained by Vickers micro-hardness test. The results revealed that the addition of chitosan to casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate enhanced the re-mineralization of the tooth structure rather than each one individually. Furthermore, the application of electric field has enhanced teeth hardness and showed highest rate of re-mineralization. In conclusion, the proposed technique could be safely used to reduce the consuming time taken in re-mineralization and efficiently it may be used to increase tooth quality. It is suggested to study other biophysical parameters of using electric fields for in vivo applications.