Despite the wide distribution of COVID-19 vaccines, refugees remain last in line for the intake of vaccines. Syrian refugees in Jordan reach up to 700,000 registered and almost up to 700,000 unregistered refugees. This study aims to assess the willingness of Syrian refugees in Jordan to take the COVID-19 vaccine. Participants in the Zaatari refugee camp in Jordan were invited through social media to complete the survey between January and March 2022. A total of 230 refugees participated in our study, with almost half the participants of male gender. The majority of the participants had secondary school as their highest education level and were unemployed, being below the social poverty line. Interestingly, Syrian refugees showed a high vaccine acceptance rate, as 89.6% were willing to take the vaccine. Moreover, they showed high knowledge regarding the vaccine, the disease, and the virus. Our findings highlight the importance of knowledge and awareness of the COVID-19 vaccine to increase the acceptance rate. This is very important as refugees represent a vulnerable group to infection and complications and require close attention, especially with their significant numbers in Jordon and challenges of providing adequate vaccine supplies at their camps. We hope that, with proper dissemination of knowledge and awareness and with easy accessibility to the vaccines, it will ensure high immunization to reach herd immunity in Jordan.

This paper explores the Granger-causality relationship between real GDP per capita and real health care expenditure per capita for Jordan during 1995 through 2013. The findings point out that the dominant type of Granger-causality is unidirectional. Furthermore, income elasticity of health expenditure is less than 1, which means that health care is a necessary good in Jordan. To this end, policies must be aimed at raising national income to improve eventually the well-being of the population.

The aim of this study is twofold. First, to explore the effect of smart human resources (HR) 4.0 practices on employee effectiveness. Second, to investigate the mediating role of employee job satisfaction in the relationship between these two latent variables. Distributing a questionnaire to gather data from a sample of HR managers and employees in Ministry of Digital Economy and Entrepreneurship, the results point out that smart HR 4.0 practices as a whole construct represent a significant predictor of employee job effectiveness as measured by employee performance based on their personal, social, methodological, and technical skills. As well, the results revealed that smart HR 4.0 embodies a significant predictor of employee job satisfaction. The results found a significant effect of the latter on employee job effectiveness, a significant mediating role of employee job satisfaction was established. The study provides a theoretical basis for further studies on such effects as well as an empirical ground from which companies could start to boost employee satisfaction and effectiveness through smart HR 4.0 technologies.

The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of personal characteristics on employees' perception towards the objectivity of performance appraisal at Jordanian ministries. A quantitative approach was established by collecting 283 questionnaires. Descriptive analysis, T-Test and ANOVA technics were used. The results of this study found out that there is an impact of the personal characteristics on the employees' perception towards the objectivity of performance appraisal among Jordanian ministries. Moreover, the results proposed that the employees believed that the performance appraisal process is not objective. The study provides a number of recommendations that help governmental managers to deal with the employees' performance appraisal errors to be more objective in the future.

The purpose of this study is to examine equilibrium relationships and dynamic causality between economic growth (measured as GDP), exports, and imports in Jordan using time-series data between 1976 and 2021. In particular, this research attempts to determine exports-led growth, imports-led growth, growth-led exports, and growth-led imports in both the short-run and long-run. The four time-series datasets, GDP, merchandise exports, merchandise imports, and gross capital formation, were examined using the Dickey–Fuller unit root tests, the Phillips–Perron unit root test, and the Johansen’s trace tests for cointegration. The dynamic properties of the VAR(1) were summarized using Granger causality tests and impulse response functions. The test results showed that the impulse response functions indicated that there might be some short-run relationships among our datasets. The Johansen cointegration tests suggested that the series were not cointegrated, and hence there were no long-term relationships among the time series. It appeared that in the short-run, both GDP and gross capital formation Grangerly caused merchandise exports. A unit shock in merchandise exports, merchandise imports, and gross capital formation caused very small fluctuating responses from GDP, merchandise exports, merchandise imports, and gross capital in the short-run, and the responses approached zero in the long-run.