Background: Bone health is an important requirement for healthy aging. Osteoporosis is an important cause of both mortality and morbidity among older adults. If we can predict the risk of future osteoporosis by cost-effective methods, we can prevent it up to certain level and plan intervention accordingly. That’s why the present study aims to estimate the likelihood of osteoporosis in patients attending the outpatient department (OPD) in a selected community health center (CHC). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a CNC in Siwan, Bihar, India. An equal number of male and female patients were recruited by quota sampling. A semi-structured proforma was prepared for data collection using the Fracture Risk Assessment (FRAX) tool without performing a bone mineral density (BMD) test in order to assess major osteoporotic fractures and risk for hip fractures with other requisite information Results: The collected data were organized using Microsoft Excel and analyzed using the statistical software SPSS Statistics 20. As data were gleaned and put under different categories, a statistical analysis based on the Chi-square test was carried out, and an ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curve was also drawn for statistical inference of the data gathered. The main findings of our analyses include the following: Approximately 15% males and 30% females in the study sample had a higher risk of osteoporosis and about 9% males and 36% females had a higher risk of hip fracture. Overall, the findings showed a statistically significant association (p < 0.05) between the gender of the participants and the FRAX risk scores for osteoporosis and hip fracture. Conclusion: Previously osteoporosis was thought of as a disease that affected only women; nevertheless, emerging findings show that osteoporosis is not unusual in men. The FRAX tool can be used as a screening tool before going for a BMD test.

Background: Ascetics are otherworldly creatures that have thought of being ethereal. To be spiritual one has to be physically fit because a healthy body has an intimate connection with spiritual health. Methods: Cross sectional survey was accomplished in a festive gathering to estimate morbidity pattern among ascetics in central India. Results: The sample size was 960. 352 participants (36.6%) were either overweight or obese, 284 participants (29.6%) had hypertension, 236 (24.6%) were diagnosed with cataract and 194 (20.2%) had anemia, Diabetes was found in 58 participants (6%) and 28 (2.9%) had fever. Conclusion: Obesity (and overweight) and hypertension were the top two morbidities came across during study. Morbidities were found to be more associated with socio-demographical factors than spirituality.

Background: Asthma is one of the most common chronic illness worldwide. For prevention of exacerbations, patients of bronchial asthma are kept on long-term treatment that is why they are amenable for adverse drug reactions (ADRs). The study was planned to monitor ADRs with intervention of anti-asthmatic drugs in adults visited in medicine outpatient or admitted in inpatient department of a tertiary care teaching hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 340 asthma patients in collaboration with Department of Medicine for duration of 12 months. Information of patients was collected with the help of semi-structured case record form ADRs along with interventions given that were also recorded. Results: Data analysis was done with the help of SPSS version20.0. Fisher exact test was applied. A total of 340 patients were enrolled in the study. The highest numbers of ADRs were observed with Salbutamol (34.78%). The highest ADRs were noted with Beta2 agonists class of drugs. The main ADRs noted were headache followed by tremors and oral thrush. Statistically significant association was found between presence of ADRs and severity of asthma. Conclusion: Identifying any possible connection between a presenting complaint and drug used is crucial to reduce the risk of ADRs in the future. Appropriate monitoring of ADRs is a key for this. Reduction in ADRs will improve the compliance of patient and ultimately their clinical outcome.

Objectives: A year with COVID-19 has been a harrowing breakneck journey. On 11th March 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 as a pandemic. It spread across globe in span of 3 months; this is how emergence of unknown virus became a multifaceted pandemic. Till date, no definitive treatment of covid-19 is available, except hope of vaccination. We must ensure safe and effective vaccination to protect people. It has been largest vaccination drive, that’s why important to know the beneficiary’s point of view regarding covid vaccination process, so that the result of this study can be used to amend the process if needed, to make the process more beneficiary friendly. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a government covid vaccination centerto assess the beneficiaries prospective about their experience of covid-19 vaccine. The study duration was 6 months. Data were collected with the help of semi-structured pro forma. Results: Data analysis was done with the help of SPSS-20. Approximately 93% of participants received vaccination appointment. Around 58% of participants were screened for COVID-19 symptoms. Most (90%) participants said that physical distancing was maintained during vaccination, 93% participants were informed about of vaccination process, 85% participants mentioned that staff had explained about adverse event following immunization (AEFI) before vaccination, and 76% of participants mentioned that they received Covishied, only 1 participant reported AEFI within 30 min of waiting period, and he received the preliminary treatment at vaccination center. Conclusion: Feedback from the user is a good way to quality check; their reviews give the opportunity to improve. Most of the vaccines were satisfied with the vaccination procedure.