Background In comparison to the slow progression of first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, by March 2021, the second wave appeared to be much more aggressive with many more cases. We aimed to evaluate reported COVID-19 epidemiology data to better understand the pandemic's progression in Rural Bikaner. Methods A record-based descriptive analysis study between first and second covid-19 waves, on the variables of interest including positivity rates, case fatality rate, demographic profile of positive patients. Results the daily reported cases at the peak of the first wave in rural area in 2020 was 20-25 cases per day and in second wave number of cases was increased double to first wave. Death rate and severity was also increased in second wave. In second wave the mean age of positive patients was decreased. Conclusions In our analysis rural area had a more severe second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic than the first and highlights the importance of examining multiple epidemiological variables down to the regional and country levels over time. These country-specific and regional results informed the implementation of continent-wide initiatives and supported equitable distribution of supplies and technical assistance. Monitoring and analysis of these data over time are essential for continued situational awareness, especially as Member States attempt to balance controlling COVID-19 transmission with ensuring stable economies and livelihoods. Key messages Demographic profile of rural area plays a key role in spread of Covid-19 cases.