In this chapter, we report on the process of adapting Realistic Mathematics Education (RME), a didactic approach founded by Freudenthal in the Netherlands, to the Indonesian context. In Indonesia, RME is called 'Pendidikan Matematika Realistik Indonesia' (PMRI). The chapter starts with describing how RME came to Indonesia. It was Sembiring from the Institut Teknologi Bandung who saw Jan de Lange, the director of the Freudenthal Institute of Utrecht University, presenting a keynote at the ICMI conference in Shanghai in 1994. Then the story continues with the decision of the Indonesian government to send six doctoral candidates to the Netherlands to learn about RME. The chapter also explains the process and results from the development and implementation of RME through a Dutch-Indonesian project Dissemination of PMRI (Do-PMRI). Moreover, the chapter describes examples of implementation strategies such as developing a master's program on RME, designing learning materials using RME theory and the development of a national contest of mathematical literacy using context-based mathematics tasks similar to those employed in the PISA test. The chapter ends with a discussion of two new initiatives at Sriwijaya University in Palembang, namely the development of a Centre of Excellence of PMRI and the establishment of a doctoral programme on PMRI.

This paper reports implementation results of designing a workshop for mathematics teacher in introducing classroom social norms. The participants are eight mathematics teachers in primary and junior secondary level. Teachers learned and did some activities about social norms during the workshop. First, they watched an example of learning videos about social norms. Then they discussed and shared in the group about their experiences in using social norms in the classroom. Finally, they made a commitment to try their knowledge about social norms in their classroom. This research used the design research method. Data were collected using videotaped, interview, and focus group discussion and were analyzed qualitatively. Results show that: (1) Teachers satisfied in following all activities relating to the social norms in the workshop. (2) Teachers realized that they had used some activities of social norms such as guiding students to communicate, asking questions and giving argumentation. (3) Teachers have more confidence to use social norms in their mathematics classroom.Keywords: Classroom Social Norms, Teacher’s Workshop, Design Research, PMRI DOI: dx.doi.org/10.22342/jme.61.11

This study aims to produce valid and practical PISA-like mathematics problems of uncertainty and data content by using soft tennis and volleyball contexts in Asian Games. It also aims to find out the potential effect of the problems on students' mathematical literacy. The method used in this study was design research with the type of development studies. The validity was viewed from expert assessment regarding the content, constructs, language, and students’ comments to the clarity of the problems in the one-to-one phase. Then, the practicality was viewed in the small group phase, and it was found that the students could understand the problem well. Based on the answers from 33 tenth-grade students of senior high school, it was found that the problems had potential effects that arouse the ability to use symbolic, formal, and technical language, as well as the ability of operation, communication, and representation. With the problem of the soft tennis context, five students could apply the ability to use symbolic, formal, and technical language, and operations, 12 students could apply representation ability, and 16 students could apply the communication ability. Meanwhile, with the problem of the volleyball context, 18 students could apply the communication ability, and nine students could apply the representation ability.

Developing PISA like mathematics problems using daily life context helps to improve the quality of learning. This study aimed to generate a valid, practical, and having potential effects on mathematics literacy ability PISA like mathematics problems with the context of sailing in the 2018 Asian Games. This research involved three expert reviews and 32 fifteen-years-old tenth-grade students of SMA N 10 Palembang, a public senior high school in Palembang Indonesia, as the research subjects. This study used the design research method of development studies type. The data were collected through documentation, walkthrough, tests, and interviews. The problem developed in this study is related to the length of wood required to span the sail. The results show that the problems are valid. The validity was viewed from its compatibility with the PISA framework, in which it had related the problems with daily life context of sailing in the 2018 Asian Games and space and shape content. The problems are also practical, viewed from students' understanding of the problem. And, the problems have potential effects when tested in learning issue of mathematical literacy ability. The dominant ability is reasoning and representation ability, while the communication ability is still low because the students do not give detailed answers.

School students can use a sequence of contextual tasks to learn mathematics. We can use Covid-19 as a phenomenon or context to exploit in learning mathematics. This article describes how students learn with mathematical problems that adapted PISA tasks and used the Covid-19 context. This study involved 29 secondary-level students, 15 years old, and each has different levels of mathematical skills. We use three phases of design research as the research method. Data were collected using observation, interviews, and documents. Then, they were analyzed descriptively. The result showed there were ten problems developed, and students were asked to work with those problems.  We found that there are steps in how students understand and solve the problem. First, if students find a picture in the task, then they observe at the picture, read the question, and then start working to solve the problem. Second, if students find a table with less data, students refer to all data in solving the problem. Third if students find a table which has a lot of data, then some students calculate all of the data and other only compared among them. We’d like to encourage students to understand the problem before solving the problem. They do this by observing the pictures, comprehending the tables and also the questions.