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Introduction: Implicit motor imagery is the first step of graded motor imagery technique, which is known to be impaired in chronic pain conditions. However, there is a paucity of literature investigating implicit imagery in peripheral conditions like chronic complex hand injuries and its relation with upper extremity function. Method: Thirty participants in the study group and 30 in the control group were included. Implicit imagery was assessed using hand laterality recognition task where participants identified 48 different hand images, as left-or righthand images. Accuracy and response time were calculated and compared between the two groups. The Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire was used to assess the upper extremity functional level and correlated with implicit imagery as secondary objective. Results: Hand injured patients had a 76.18% accuracy and 2.30 seconds/card response time. There was a statistically significant difference in accuracy (p < 0.0001) and response time (p ¼ 0.0066) between study group and control group. Disability level assessed by DASH was 40.5 and had no correlation with accuracy (r ¼ 0.004; 95% CI: 0.3663-0.3736) and response time (r ¼ 0.099; 95% CI: 0.2804-0.4531). Conclusion: Implicit imagery was impaired in chronic complex hand injured patients and it had no relation with upper extremity functional level.

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Background: HUBER 360 and PRIMUS-RS are technologically advance rehabilitation and assessment equipments. However, there is a dearth of literature, to the best of our knowledge, on the use of the above equipment’s in the objective assessment and effective rehabilitation. Case Report: The case discussed is of a 30 year old female who underwent Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Reconstruction three months prior to approaching our physiotherapy department and was looking for more advance rehabilitation. A thorough pre-assessment was done, a part of which included the PRIMUS-RS testing of isometric strength, power and endurance of knee muscles. A week wise rehabilitation protocol was designed for 5 weeks on HUBER 360 at the end of which again PRIMUS-RS testing was done. It was then found that the deficits in the muscle strength, power and endurance had reduced and patient perceived herself to be able to perform better in her daily activities. Conclusion: Thus, it proves that the PRIMUS-RS and HUBER 360 play an important role in objective assessment and rehabilitation of a musculoskeletal patient. KEY WORDS: Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction, HUBER 360, PRIMUS-RS, Rehabilitation.

Background: The study aimed to evaluate the effect of core stabilization exercises on balance, physical performance and quality of life in postmenopausal women. Methods: An interventional study was conducted in 30 postmenopausal women. Participants were randomly assigned to two treatment groups. Group 1 (N=15) received core stabilization exercises along with conventional therapy and Group 2 (N=15) conventional therapy alone. The assessments were made using one leg stance test, Y balance test, short physical performance battery and menopause specific quality of life questionnaire at baseline and after 4 weeks of intervention. Results: In Group 1 and Group 2, there was a statistically significant difference seen in one leg stance test, Y balance test, short physical performance battery and menopause specific quality of life questionnaire pre and post intervention (p<0.05). A significant difference was seen in dynamic balance in Group 1 (p<0.05). However, there was no significant difference seen in one leg stance test, short physical performance battery and menopause specific quality of life questionnaire scores between the two groups (p>0.05). Conclusions: Core stabilisation exercises have proven to be more effective than conventional exercises alone for improving dynamic balance in post-menopausal women. However, both are equally effective in improving static balance, physical performance and quality of life in postmenopausal women.