The purposes of this research are (1) to describe the deviation of meaning in Cak Lontong’s humor materials (2) to describe the changing of constituent in Cak Lontong’s humor materials. This research is a descriptive-qualitative research. Listening method is used as the  data collecting technique, using technique of tap and write. The data analysis method is the reference equalization, using comparative technique to support codification, reduction, presentation, and interpretation. The results of this research are: Cak Lontong exploits gaps and possibilities of new meanings that can be used in words; Cak Lontong deviates meanings by establishing the second meaning as an effort to give surprise to his listeners; and Cak Lontong exploits figurative words of homonymy, e.g. “mengarungi” and “ngurusi” to play the meanings that are conveyed in using the language. The power of Cak Lontong’s humor is in the sensitivity in finding gaps of words, then presenting them by trapping listener’s interpretation to the unintended meanings. A changing constituent occurs to function of process to be participant, participant to participant, participant to circumstances, and circumstances to circumstances. It changes meanings and interpretations of a same word.

The purpose of this research was to find out strategies in creating Indonesian humour materials. This research is a descriptive-qualitative research. In collecting the data, the researcher used listening technique by taping and writing. In analyzing data, this research applied equalizing reference method by comparing technique to support codification, reduction, presentation, and interpretation such as work design of qualitative research. As the result of this research, it has been found 8 strategies in creating Indonesian humour materials, namely: (1) exploiting the common truth that people already know, (2) changing constituents with his language experience, (3) putting false pronouns deliberately, (4) conveying something incomplete, (5) diverting different languages, (6) providing an unrelated response at all, (7) exploiting the language gap to distort its meaning, and (8) conveying something unnatural, absurd, even impressed controversy.

This study examined high school students’ views of their teachers using interpersonal communication in Teaching English as Foreign Language (TEFL). The respondents involved 38 students as reached saturated data, which were taken from six classes taught by two EFL teachers (male and female) at a high school in South Sulawesi province, Indonesia. A semi-structured interview was employed with students to collect the data. The semi-structured interview data were categorized and reported descriptively according to DeVito's (1997) effective interpersonal communication: openness, empathy, supportiveness, positive feelings, and equality. This study reveals that students' perception shows that both teachers conduct favorable and unfavorable interpersonal communication verbally or non-verbally in TEFL. This study also indicates that teachers’ cross-gender using nonverbal communication perceives as an inconvenience, touch, and personal space. These contrarieties propose that teachers consider their students’ culture, beliefs, or preferences while utilizing interpersonal communication in TEFL, especially personal space and touch at the high school level.

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menemukan variasi baru humor Indonesia menggunakan pengalaman bahasa. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif-kualitatif. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode mendengarkan dengan menggunakan teknik dasar sadap - catat. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode referensi penyamaan dengan menggunakan teknik perbandingan untuk mendukung kodifikasi, reduksi, presentasi, dan interpretasi seperti desain kerja penelitian kualitatif. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah video dan meme. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komedian menggunakan 8 strategi dalam bahan humornya, yaitu: (1) mengeksploitasi kebenaran umum yang sudah diketahui orang; (2) mengubah konstituen dengan pengalaman bahasanya; (3) sengaja menempatkan kata ganti yang salah; (4) menyampaikan sesuatu yang tidak lengkap; (5) mengalihkan berbagai bahasa; (6) memberikan respons yang tidak terkait sama sekali; (7) mengeksploitasi celah bahasa untuk mendistorsi maknanya; (8) menyampaikan sesuatu yang tidak wajar, absurd, bahkan terkesan kontroversi.

The purpose of this research is to find a strategy for Indonesian humor material by Cak Lontong. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. The data was collected using the method of referring to the basic tapping techniques and advanced note-taking techniques. Data analysis in this study uses a referential equivalent method with similar linking techniques to support codification, reduction, presentation, and interpretation under a qualitative research framework. The results of this study showed that Cak Lontong used eight humor strategies namely utilizing general truths that are clearly known to people, changing constituents with language experience, deliberately misplacing pronouns, conveying something that is incomplete, changing different languages, giving responses that are unrelated, utilizing language gaps to distort their meaning, and conveying unfair, absurd, or even controversial topic.