Baru tree (Dipteryx alata) is an arboreal, fruitful plant native to the Cerrado Biome with an important socioeconomic impact. This study aimed to identify and characterize new microsatellite loci for D. alata. From the development of a genomic library enriched in microsatellites, ten pairs of primers were synthesized. Of these, seven were polymorphic, providing a total of 49 alleles, with an average of 5 to 5.57 alleles per locus. A significant content of polymorphic information was obtained, as indicated by the average expected heterozygosity (uHE), with a total average of 0.58 to 0.65 per locus. The average value of the observed heterozygosity (Ho) was also high, with a total average of 0.73 to 0.85 per locus. Some of the loci are in linkage disequilibrium, such as (Dalat G6 with Dalat B3, H3 and B4), in addition to (Dalat B4 with B5). The estimate of the combined loci for the probability of paternity exclusion obtained an average value of 1.00 for all loci, and the average combined probability of identity, the values were (1.210^−5) to (4.410^−6). The results obtained here show that the markers developed for D. alata are informative and suitable for studies on genetic diversity and population structure, aiming at the conservation and management of the species.

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Baru tree (Dipteryx alata) is an arboreal, fruitful plant native to the Cerrado biome with an important socioeconomic impact. Populations of this species are a good model to study anthropogenic disturbances on the biome through the genetic information. In this study, we developed seven new polymorphic microsatellite markers for D. alata, using an enriched genomic library. We performed loci characterization in three populations, obtaining a total of 49 alleles, with an average of 5 to 5.57 alleles per locus. A significant content of polymorphic information was obtained, as indicated by the average expected heterozygosity (uHE), with a total average of 0.58 to 0.65 per locus. The average value of the observed heterozygosity (Ho) was also high, with a total average of 0.73 to 0.85 per locus. Some of the loci are in linkage disequilibrium, such as DalatG6 with DalatB3, DalatH3 and DalatB4. The estimate of the combined loci for the probability of paternity exclusion obtained an average value of 1.00 for all loci, and the average combined probability of identity, the values were (1.2 10^-5 ) to (4.4 10^-6 ). All markers are informative and suitable for studies on genetic diversity and population structure, aiming at the conservation and management of the species.

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