This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported License which allows users to read, copy, distribute and make derivative works for non-commercial purposes from the material, as long as the author of the original work is cited properly.

Objective to map models of Home Care services in the world and the costs associated with them.Method Scope review developed in five stages: identification of the research question; identification of relevant studies; selection of studies; analysis, grouping, synthesis and presentation of data. The search was carried out in seven scientific databases and the gray literature was searched. Texts were included containing a description of the Home Care model/service addressing measures, analyzes or cost comparison, as well as components and cost calculation methods. The texts found were evaluated by two independent researchers for judgment on inclusion. Forty articles that addressed service models and their costs were included and analyzed in depth, in this publication, the eight articles referring to the micro-costing method for calculating costs.Result The eight articles, which deal with the micro-costing method in calculating the costs of home care services, were published between 1997 and 2005, one in Spanish and seven in English. The texts deal with two service models: Hospital-at-Home and Home Visit Care. The direct cost components considered were: personnel, medication, inputs, diagnostic and therapeutic tests, transport, equipment depreciation; health care and support services. As indirect and fixed costs, the following were identified: general maintenance, management and administration, hospitality, inpatient units, archives and others, according to hospital cost accounting data. The studies adopt the benchmarks of cost-effectiveness or cost-minimization for economic evaluation. For the cost analysis, the concepts of cost savings and the difference between average cost and cost are used marginally.Conclusion the concepts of health care costs were mostly approached from the accounting-financial perspective, with calculation of direct, variable or fixed costs. The economic or indirect costs related to the opportunity for HC, costs of family members who care for patients, absenteeism and loss of productivity due to illness are rare and partial in the studies included. This analysis reinforces the need to recognize costs as metadata in the management of health organizations, which means that cost information carries other information.

Desigualdades sociais no discurso da enfermagem brasileira: compromisso social e luta hegemónica Desigualdades sociales en el discurso de la enfermería brasileña: compromiso social y lucha hegemónica

Objective:To analyze the assessment of attitudes about poverty used in nursing education considering the first Sustainable Development Goal targets. Tools assessing attitudes about poverty have been used in nursing education studies to examine the beliefs of nursing students.Design: An integrative literature review was carried out in five international databases in the areas of health and nursing and in four Latin American and Caribbean databases.Results: Four tools were identified, with Attitude Toward Poverty Short Form and Attitudes about Poverty and Poor People being the most used in the studies. Items from tools measured attitudes negative, prejudiced, and stigmatizing about the population living in poverty. In addition, items from tools measured a range of concepts from poverty to social inequality and disenfranchisement. Conclusion:The identification of poverty is a critical strategy for tackling poverty. In this sense, poverty assessment tools have the potential to recognize poverty as a multidimensional phenomenon.

Objective: A substantial number of people with COPD suffer from exacerbations, which are defined as an acute worsening of respiratory symptoms. To minimize exacerbations, telehealth has emerged as an alternative to improve clinical management, access to health care, and support for self-management. Our objective was to map the evidence of telehealth/telemedicine for the monitoring of adult COPD patients after hospitalization due to an exacerbation. Methods: Bibliographic search was carried in PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Web of Science, Scopus, Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde/LILACS and Cochrane Library databases to identify articles describing telehealth and telemonitoring strategies in Portuguese, English, or Spanish published by December of 2021. Results: Thirty-nine articles, using the following concepts (number of articles), were included in this review: telehealth (21); telemonitoring (20); telemedicine (17); teleconsultation (5); teleassistance (4); telehomecare and telerehabilitation (3 each); telecommunication and mobile health (2 each); and e-health management, e-coach, telehome, telehealth care and televideo consultation (1 each). All these concepts describe strategies which use telephone and/or video calls for coaching, data monitoring, and health education leading to self-management or self-care, focusing on providing remote integrated home care with or without telemetry devices. Conclusions: This review demonstrated that telehealth/telemedicine in combination with telemonitoring can be an interesting strategy to benefit COPD patients after discharge from hospitalization for an exacerbation, by improving their quality of life and reducing re-hospitalizations, admissions to emergency services, hospital length of stay, and health care costs.