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The objective of the present study was to evaluate the comparative antioxidant potential of methanol, ethyl acetate, pet ether and water extracts of Celastrus paniculatus seed. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by using total phenol and flavonoid content determination assays, total antioxidant capacity, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazil (DPPH) free radical assay, Reducing power assessment, Nitric oxide (NO) scavenging assay and Cupric ion reducing capacity assay (CUPRAC method). The extracts showed moderate antioxidant activity in a dose dependent manner. The extracts were found to contain phenolics and flavonoid compounds. In DPPH radical scavenging assay, ethyl acetate extract had the lowest IC50 value (585.58µg/ml) compared to ascorbic acid. In nitric oxide scavenging assay IC50 value was found to be 122.99µg/ml, 320.54µg/ml, 601.81µg/ml and 206.37µg/ml respectively for the Water, Methanol, Ethyl Acetate and Pet Ether extracts compared to 6.83µg/ml which was the IC50 value for the reference ascorbic acid. The extracts also showed good reducing power. The results of the present study indicate that the extracts possesses significant antioxidant potential of which ethyl acetate extract is the most promising one and possess highest antioxidant potential.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the interaction between ketotifen fumarate and anhydrous theophylline in aqueous media of various pH (1.2 and 6.8). Using Job's continuous-variation analysis and Ardon's spectrophotomeric measurement methods, the values of the stability constants of theophylline with ketotifen were determined at a fixed temperature (37 o C) at various pH. The stability constants, ranging between 5.66 and 9.92, were derived from Ardon's plot, indicating that comparatively stable complexes had formed as a result of an interaction between the drugs. However, following the interaction of theophylline with ketotifen, stability constants were <1 at gastric pH (1.2) and intestinal pH (6.8). Concurrent administration of ketotifen and theophylline could result in the formation of a stable complex and this is likely to reduce the therapeutic activities of both drugs.Uniterms: Stability constant. Job's method. Ardon's method. Ketotifen. Theophylline.O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar a interação entre o fumarato de cetotifeno e a teofilina anidra em meios aquosos com vários pH (1,2 e 6,8). Utilizando a análise da variação contínua de Job e os métodos de medida espectrofotométrica de Ardon, os valores das constantes de estabilidade da teofilina com o cetotifeno foram determinados em temperatura fixa (37 oC) em vários pH. As constantes de estabilidade, variando entre 5,66 e 9,92 derivaram-se a partir do delineamento de Ardon, indicando, comparativamente, que complexos estáveis se formaram como resultado da interação entre os fármacos. Entretanto, seguindo a interação da teofilina com o cetotifeno, as constantes de estabilidade foram <1, em pH gástrico (1,2) e intestinal (8,8). A administração concomitante de cetotifeno e teofilina poderia resultar na formação de complexo estável, o que reduz a atividade terapêutica de ambos os fármacos. Uniterms: Constante de estabilidade. Método de Job. Método de Ardon. Cetotifeno. Teofilina.

Medicinal plants are conventionally used for the treatment of various diseases due to their world-wide occurrence and least side effects. Melia azedarach L. belongs to the family Meliaceae, is a highly significant medicinal plant. Extracts of M. azedarach obtained from its different parts such as seed, fruit, flower, leaf, and young branches are reported to exhibit antifungal, antihelmintic, nematicidal, diuretic, cytotoxic, antiproliferative, insecticidal and antioxidant activities. Thus the aim of this study was to explore the chemical profile of non-polar extract of M. azedarach leaves through GC-MS analysis. The identification of phytochemical compounds is based on molecular ion peak, base peak, and fragmentation pattern. GC-MS analysis of hexane extract of M. azedarach showed a highly complex profile, containing ketones, ethers, fatty acid derivatives, methyl esters, 1,3-dipalmitate, 7,8-dihydrocarpesterol, and 2- Undecanol. This study will be useful to explore the active components of medicinal plants and can validate their medicinal value.

Fresh root of Geodorum densiflorum (Lam.) (Orchidaceae) has applications in regularizing menstrual cycle and as topical aids in insect bites and wounds. The tuber extracts of some plants belonging to Geodorum have folkloric reputation in the management of transient anxiety. The current study was undertaken to investigate the sedative/ anxiolytic effects of G. densiflorum root extracts using rodent behavioral models, such as open field, hole cross, thiopental sodium-induced hypnosis and elevated plus maze test. Present data shows that the organic extracts of G. densiflorum root increase the thiopental sodium induced sleeping time and reduce the time for the onset of sleep. A statistically significant reduction in motor activity and exploratory behavior were observed in the open field and hole cross tests. The results of the current studies provide scientific evidence for its uses in traditional medicines as sedative and anxiolytic agents.